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1 kiedy
Ⅰ pron. 1. (pytajny) when- kiedy wrócisz? when will you be back?- kiedy jest koncert? when is the concert?- kiedy kupiłeś ten samochód? when did you buy the car?- nie pamiętam, kiedy go ostatni raz widziałem I don’t remember when I last saw him- nie zauważyłem, kiedy wszedł I didn’t notice when he came in- od kiedy since when, (for) how long- wiem, że on mnie zdradza, ale nie wiem, od kiedy I know he’s unfaithful to me, but I don’t know since when- od kiedy to z ciebie taki znawca? iron. since when have you been such an expert? iron.- „od kiedy się znacie?” – „od roku” ‘how long have you known each other?’ – ‘for a year’- od kiedy ci mówię, żebyś się ustatkował! how long have I been telling you to settle down!- do kiedy until when, by when- do kiedy obowiązywał ten zakaz? until when was this ban in force?, how long was this ban in force (for)?- „biorę urlop” – „od kiedy do kiedy?” ‘I’m taking some leave’ – ‘from when until when?’- do kiedy skończysz tłumaczenie? when will you finish the translation (by)?- na kiedy to ma być gotowe? when does it have to be ready (by)?- nie wiem, na kiedy są te bilety I don’t know when a. which day these tickets are for- kiedy to się wraca do domu! już prawie północ what time do you call this for getting in? – it’s almost midnight pot.2. (względny) (w trakcie) as, while; (po) when- kula dosięgnęła go w chwili, kiedy wsiadał do samochodu the bullet hit him as a. when he was getting into the car- kiedy oglądali mecz, ktoś zadzwonił do drzwi as a. while they were watching the match, someone rang the bell- przyjdę po ciebie, kiedy skończę pracę I’ll call for you when I finish work- od kiedy go poznała, wiele zmieniło się w jej życiu her life has changed a great deal since she met him- kiedy się porówna programy obu partii, to... if a. when you compare the programmes of the two parties...- wtedy, kiedy when- zawsze włącza radio wtedy, kiedy chcę sobie poczytać he always turns the radio on when I want to read- w dniu, kiedy... on the day when...- zimą, kiedy jest mróz in winter, when there are sub-zero temperatures- teraz, kiedy... now that...- teraz, kiedy najgorsze jest już za nami now that the worst is behind us- kiedy tylko przyszedł, zabrał się do sprzątania as soon as he came, he started cleaning- kiedy tylko mam czas, chodzę na spacery whenever I have (the) time, I go for walks3. pot. (nieokreślony) some time, one day; (w pytaniu) ever- zabierz mnie kiedy ze sobą take me with you some time a. one day- widziałeś go kiedy? have you ever seen him?Ⅱ conj. 1. (tymczasem) when, whereas; (jednak) when, if- dyskutują, kiedy tu trzeba szybko podjąć decyzję they’re talking all the time, when what we need is a quick decision- dużo zarabia, cóż, kiedy wszystko przepuszcza he earns a lot, but what of it if a. when he blows it all? pot.2. pot. (skoro) if, when- kiedy jesteś taki ciekawy, to... if you really want to know,... iron.- jak mam się uczyć, kiedy nie mam tej książki how am I to study when a. if I haven’t got the book?- „miałeś posprzątać w swoim pokoju” – „kiedy już posprzątałem” ‘you were supposed to tidy up your room’ – ‘but I’ve already done it’■ kiedy indziej some other time- kiedy niekiedy now and then, from time to time- mało a. rzadko kiedy rarely, hardly ever- rzadko kiedy są tu takie tłumy it’s rare for there to be such a crowd here- (on) rzadko kiedy pisze he hardly ever writes* * *1. pron 2. conjwhen, as; ( podczas gdy) whilekiedy tylko wstałem, on usiadł — as soon as I stood up, he sat down
teraz, kiedy jesteśmy razem... — now that we are together...
nie wiem, kiedy to się stało — I don't know when it happened
* * *adv.when; kiedy się zobaczymy? when do we meet next?; kiedy bądź whenever, any time; kiedy indziej some other time; kiedy tylko as soon as; rzadko kiedy hardly ever; od kiedy? since when?; do kiedy? till when?; na kiedy? by when?conj.1. (= gdy) when; kiedy już byłem gotowy when I was (finally) ready, once ready; spałem już, kiedy zadzwonił telefon I was sleeping, when the phone rang.2. (= skoro) as, since; kiedy już zdecydowałeś się na ten wyjazd, nie zapomnij o ubezpieczeniu as you decided to take this trip, don't forget about the insurance.3. (= podczas gdy) while.The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > kiedy
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2 obnubilado
► adjetivo1 (ofuscado) blinded, dazzled* * *= flabbergasted, astounded, stunned, thunderstruck.Ex. They say they are flabbergasted and astounded by the decision to turn down their application.Ex. Astounded and frightened by those shimmering tears, Leforte repeated her questions: 'Bernice... Please... Is anything wrong? Can I help?'.Ex. She revealed that her first pregnancy had left her stunned.Ex. The girl stared at him for a moment thunderstruck; then she lammed into the old horse with a stick she carried in place of a whip.* * *= flabbergasted, astounded, stunned, thunderstruck.Ex: They say they are flabbergasted and astounded by the decision to turn down their application.
Ex: Astounded and frightened by those shimmering tears, Leforte repeated her questions: 'Bernice... Please... Is anything wrong? Can I help?'.Ex: She revealed that her first pregnancy had left her stunned.Ex: The girl stared at him for a moment thunderstruck; then she lammed into the old horse with a stick she carried in place of a whip. -
3 quitter
quitter [kite]➭ TABLE 11. transitive verba. to leave• je suis pressé, il faut que je vous quitte I'm in a hurry so I must leave you2. reflexive verb► se quitter [couple] to split up* * *kite
1.
1) ( sortir de) [personne] to leave [endroit, pays, ville, bureau]2) ( se séparer de) [personne] to leave [personne, famille]il faut que je vous quitte, j'ai une réunion — I must go now, I have a meeting
3) ( abandonner) to leave [travail, poste, service, parti, entreprise]quitter la scène — fig [acteur] to give up acting
tout en cuisinant, elle ne quittait pas ses enfants des yeux — while cooking, she didn' t let the children out of her sight
il ne l'a pas quittée des yeux de tout le repas — he didn't take his eyes off her throughout the meal
ne quittez pas — ( au téléphone) hold the line, please
4) ( déménager) [personne] to leave [lieu]; [entreprise] to move from [rue]; to move out of [bâtiment]5) ( laisser en mourant) euphquand je vous aurai quittés... — when I've gone...
6) ( enlever) [personne] to take off [vêtement]7) Informatique to quit [application, programme]
2.
se quitter verbe pronominal ( se séparer) to part* * *kite vt1) [endroit, personne] to leaveJ'ai quitté la maison à huit heures. — I left the house at 8 o'clock.
2) [situation, emploi] to leaveNe quittez pas, je vous passe Monsieur Divan. — Hold the line, I'll put you through to Monsieur Divan.
* * *quitter verb table: aimerA vtr1 ( sortir de) [personne] to leave [endroit, pays, ville, bureau, chaussée]; il a quitté son domicile à 8 h he left his house at 8; elle ne quitte plus sa chambre/son lit she doesn't leave her bedroom/bed any more; quitter l'école à 16 ans to leave school at 16; il faut quitter la nationale 7 à Valence you have to come off the nationale 7 at Valence;2 ( se séparer de) [personne] to leave [personne, famille]; il nous a quittés vers 22 h he left us at about 10 pm; sa femme l'a quitté il y a un an his wife left him a year ago; il faut que je vous quitte, j'ai une réunion I must go now, I have a meeting;3 ( abandonner) [personne] to leave [travail, poste]; to leave [service, parti, organisation, entreprise]; j'ai quitté mon emploi de serveur I left my job as a waiter; quitter le confort de qch to leave the comforts of sth; quitter le monde des affaires to leave the world of business; quitter l'enseignement to give up teaching; quitter la politique to retire from ou to give up politics; quitter la scène fig [acteur] to give up acting; tout en cuisinant, elle ne quittait pas ses enfants des yeux while cooking, she didn't let the children out of her sight; il ne l'a pas quittée des yeux de tout le repas he didn't take his eyes off her throughout the meal; ne quittez pas ( au téléphone) hold the line, please;4 ( déménager) [personne] to leave [lieu]; [entreprise] to move from [rue]; to move out of [bâtiment]; l'ambassade quitte la place Vendôme the embassy is moving from the place Vendôme;5 ( laisser en mourant) euph un grand homme nous a quittés a great man has passed away euph; quand je vous aurai quittés… when I've gone…;7 Ordinat to quit [application, programme].B se quitter vpr ( se séparer) [personnes] to part; nous nous sommes quittés bons amis/très fâchés we parted the best of friends/on angry terms; ils ne se quittent plus they're inseparable now. ⇒ navire.[kite] verbe transitif1. [lieu] to leaveje quitte (le bureau) à 5 h I leave the office ou I finish at 5 o'clockla voiture a quitté la route the car came off ou ran off ou left the roadil faut que je te quitte I must be going, I must goil ne la quitta pas des yeux ou du regard he never took his eyes off her, he watched her every move3. [retirer - habit] to take off (separable)4. [au téléphone]ne quittez pas hold on, hold the line————————se quitter verbe pronominal (emploi réciproque)[amis] to partdepuis qu'ils se sont rencontrés, ils ne se quittent plus ever since they met they have been inseparable -
4 depuis
depuis [dəpyi]━━━━━━━━━1. preposition2. adverb━━━━━━━━━1. <━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Notez l'emploi de for lorsque l'on parle d'une durée, et de since lorsque l'on parle d'un point de départ dans le temps.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Pour exprimer une durée, le présent français devient un parfait en anglais, l'imparfait un pluperfect.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Dans les questions, for est généralement omis.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• depuis combien de temps travaillez-vous ici ? -- depuis cinq ans how long have you been working here? -- five years• tu le connais depuis longtemps ? -- depuis toujours have you known him long? -- I've known him all my life• depuis quand le connaissez-vous ? how long have you known him?• depuis qu'il habite ici, il n'a cessé de se plaindre he hasn't stopped complaining since he came to live here• depuis que je fais de la natation, je me sens mieux I've been feeling better since I started swimming• depuis le temps qu'on ne s'était pas vus ! it's ages since we last saw each other!• depuis le temps que je dis que je vais lui écrire ! I've been saying I'll write to him for ages!► depuis peud. ► depuis... jusqu'à from... to2. <• depuis, nous sommes sans nouvelles since then we have had no news* * *dəpɥi
1.
adverbe since
2.
1) ( marquant le point de départ) since2) ( marquant la durée) fordepuis quand or combien de temps est-ce qu'elle enseigne? — how long has she been teaching?
3) ( marquant le lieu) from4) ( dans une série) from
3.
depuis que locution conjonctive gén since; ( pour renforcer) ever since
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depuis se traduit généralement par since: elle a démontré, depuis, qu'elle pouvait le faire = she has since demonstrated that she could do it. Lorsqu'on veut insister sur le temps qui s'est écoulé depuis l'action dont on parle on peut renforcer since par ever: nous nous sommes disputés hier, depuis il me fait la tête = we had an argument yesterday, he's been in a mood ever since. Attention, cette construction ne marche pas à la forme négative: depuis il ne me parle plus = he hasn't talked to me sincedepuis préposition de temps se traduit par since lorsqu'il sert à indiquer un point de départ, une date, une heure précise: depuis 1789/2 heures du matin/le début = since 1789/2 am/the beginning, et par for lorsqu'il sert à indiquer une durée, un nombre de jours, d'heures: depuis deux heures/six ans/quelques mois = for two hours/six years/a few monthsdepuis + datej'apprends l'anglais depuis l'âge de 12 ans = I've been learning English since I was 12; cette maison nous appartient depuis 1876 = we've owned this house since 1876; je le connais depuis l'été dernier = I've known him since last summer; je n'ai rien mangé depuis hier soir = I haven't eaten since yesterday evening; il a fait trois films depuis le début de sa carrière = he's made three films since the beginning of his career; il neigeait depuis 2 h de l'après midi = it had been snowing since 2 pm; il n'avait pas plu depuis dimanche = it hadn't rained since Sunday. On notera l'emploi de la forme progressive: il habite ici depuis 1990/le mois de janvier = he's lived here since 1990/January, he's been living here since 1990/Januarydepuis + duréeil travaille ici depuis quelques années/dix ans = he's worked here for a few years/ten years; nous marchons depuis deux heures = we've been walking for two hours; je n'ai pas eu de nouvelles depuis six mois = I haven't had any news for six months; je dormais depuis une heure = I had been sleeping for an hour; je ne les avais pas vus depuis cinq ans = I hadn't seen them for five yearsOn trouvera des exemples supplémentaires et les autres emplois de la préposition depuis et de la locution conjonctive depuis que dans l'entrée* * *dəpɥi1. prép1) (point de départ dans le temps) sinceIl habite Paris depuis 1993. — He has been living in Paris since 1993.
Il habite Paris depuis l'an dernier. — He has been living in Paris since last year.
Il a plu tous les jours depuis qu'elle est arrivée. — It's rained every day since she arrived.
2) (temps écoulé) forIl habite Paris depuis 5 ans. — He has been living in Paris for 5 years.
Je le connais depuis 3 ans. — I've known him for 3 years.
3) (lieu)Il pleut depuis Metz. — It's been raining since Metz.
Elle a téléphoné depuis Valence. — She rang from Valence.
4) (série) from2. adv(temps) since, since thenJe ne lui ai pas parlé depuis. — I haven't spoken to him since., I haven't spoken to him since then.
* * *depuis ⇒ Note d'usageA adv since; je ne les ai pas revus depuis I haven't seen them since; il est parti il y a deux ans, depuis je n'ai plus de nouvelles he left two years ago, since then I haven't had any news; elle a été gravement malade l'année dernière, depuis nous sommes inquiets she was very ill last year and we've been worried ever since.B prép1 ( marquant le point de départ) since; je fais du courrier depuis 9 heures du matin I've been writing letters since 9 am; j'ai écrit trois lettres depuis 9 heures du matin I've written three letters since 9 am; j'habite ici depuis le 1er juillet I've been living here since 1 July; elle est malade depuis ce matin she's been ill since this morning; il n'a pas retravaillé depuis son accident he hasn't worked since his accident; elle fait de la danse depuis l'âge de six ans she has been dancing since she was six years old; depuis ce jour-là since that day; depuis quand vis-tu là-bas? how long have you been living there?; depuis quand tu réponds à ta mère? so you're answering your mother back now, are you?; depuis lors since then; depuis ta naissance since you were born; depuis leur réconciliation since they were reconciled ou since their reconciliation; depuis le jour où je les ai rencontrés since the day I met them; depuis ce jour, je ne les ai pas revus since that day I haven't seen them again; depuis les événements de mai 68 since the events of May '68; depuis sa création en 1986, l'entreprise s'est développée since it was set up in 1986, the company has expanded; c'est ce que je te répète depuis le début that's what I've been telling you all along; depuis le début jusqu'à la fin from start to finish;2 ( marquant la durée) for; depuis deux heures/dix ans/trois siècles for two hours/ten years/three centuries; il fait une collection de timbres depuis deux ans he's been collecting stamps for two years; ils sont mariés/amis depuis six mois they've been married/friends for six months; il pleut depuis trois jours it's been raining for three days; nous marchions depuis deux heures lorsque… we had been walking for two hours when…; je ne fume plus depuis six mois I gave up smoking six months ago, I haven't smoked for six months; depuis quand or combien de temps est-ce qu'elle enseigne? how long has she been teaching?; cela dure depuis des jours/mois/années it's been going on for days/months/years; depuis longtemps for a long time; je le savais depuis longtemps I had known for a long time; il n'habite plus ici depuis longtemps he hasn't lived here for a long time; depuis peu recently; il est installé à Caen depuis peu he has recently settled in Caen; depuis toujours always; le travail/les vacances dont il rêve depuis toujours the job/the vacation he has always dreamed of; on pratique cette coutume depuis toujours this custom has been observed from time immemorial;3 ( marquant le lieu) from; depuis ma fenêtre/le belvédère on aperçoit… from my window/the belvedere you can see…; depuis chez moi/Dijon il faut deux heures from where I live/Dijon it takes two hours; le lancement de la fusée sera retransmis depuis Kourou the launch of the rocket will be broadcast from Kourou; depuis Paris jusqu'à Arles from Paris to Arles;4 ( dans une série) tous les métiers depuis caissier jusqu'à infirmier every job from cashier to nurse; chemises, robes depuis 10 euros shirts, dresses from 10 euros; depuis le premier jusqu'au dernier from first to last; nous avons toutes les pointures depuis le 34 we have all sizes from 34 upward(s).C depuis que loc conj gén since; ( pour renforcer) ever since; depuis qu'il sait nager, il adore l'eau he has loved the water ever since he learned to swim; je le vois rarement depuis qu'il habite au Canada I haven't seen much of him since he went to live in Canada; elle a changé depuis que sa fille est née she's changed a lot since her daughter was born; il pleut depuis que nous sommes arrivés it's been raining ever since we arrived; j'ai grossi depuis que je ne fais plus de sport I've put on weight since I stopped doing any sport; il dirige l'entreprise depuis qu'il a 20 ans he's been running the company since he was 20.[dəpɥi] préposition1. [à partir d'une date ou d'un moment précis] sincedepuis le début from the very beginning, right from the beginning2. [exprimant une durée] foril ne joue plus depuis quelque temps he hasn't been playing of late ou lately, he hasn't played for some timedepuis peu recently, not long agodepuis le temps: et tu ne sais toujours pas t'en servir depuis le temps! and you still don't know how to use it after all this time!il me l'a rendu hier — depuis le temps! he gave it back to me yesterday — it took him long enough ou and not before time!3. [dans l'espace, un ordre, une hiérarchie] from————————[dəpɥi] adverbeje ne l'ai rencontré qu'une fois, je ne l'ai jamais revu depuis I only met him once and I've not seen him again since (then)————————depuis... jusqu'à locution correlative1. [dans le temps] from... todepuis 12 h jusqu'à 20 h from 12 to ou till 8 p.m2. [dans l'espace, un ordre, une hiérarchie] from... toils vendent de tout, depuis les parapluies jusqu'aux sandwiches they sell everything, from umbrellas to sandwichesdepuis le temps que locution conjonctivedepuis le temps que tu me le promets... you've been promising me that for such a long time...depuis le temps que tu le connais, tu pourrais lui demander considering how long you've known him you could easily ask him————————depuis lors locution adverbiale————————depuis quand locution adverbiale1. [pour interroger sur la durée] how long2. [exprimant l'indignation, l'ironie] since when————————depuis que locution conjonctivedepuis que j'ai arrêté de fumer, je me sens mieux I feel better since I stopped smoking -
5 quando
whenper quando? when?da quando? how long?quando vengo when I comeogni volta che whenever I comedi quando in quando now and then, from time to time* * *quando avv.1 when: quando l'hai visto l'ultima volta?, when did you see him last?; quando verrai?, when will you come?; quand'è il concerto?, when is the concert?; quando partite?, when are you leaving?; quando la smetterai di preoccuparti per tutto?, when will you stop worrying about everything?; non so quando ci rivedremo, I don't know when we'll meet again; dimmi quando ti posso telefonare, tell me when I can phone you; ti hanno detto quando sarebbero arrivati?, did they tell you when they would arrive?; fammi sapere quando passerai da Milano, let me know when you're coming to Milan // a quando?, when?: a quando le nozze?, when will the wedding be? (o when is the wedding?); a quando la laurea?, when will you take your degree? // da quando?, since when?; ( da quanto tempo) how long?: ''é a letto ammalato'' ''Da quando?'', ''He's ill in bed'' ''Since when?''; da quando non lo vedi?, how long is it since you last saw him?; da quando abita qui?, how long has he been living here?; da quando lo conosci?, how long have you known him?; da quando ti sei messo a dare ordini qui?, since when have you been giving orders round here? // di quando è questo giornale?, what is the date of this newspaper?; sai di quando è quel palazzo?, do you know when that building dates from? // fino a quando?, how long? (o till when?): fino a quando starai qui?, how long (o till when) will you be here? // per quando?, (by) when?: per quand'è la riunione?, when is the meeting?; per quando dev'essere finito il lavoro?, when must the work be finished by? // quando mai?, when on earth, when ever: quando mai ti ho chiesto una cosa simile?, when on earth (o whenever) did I ask you such a thing?; quando mai siete venuti a trovarmi?, when did you ever come to see me?2 quando... quando, sometimes... sometimes: quando viaggio in treno, quando in aereo, sometimes I travel by train, sometimes by air; era sempre in ritardo, quando per un motivo, quando per un altro, he was always late, sometimes for one reason, sometimes for another // quando sì, quando no, ( non sempre) at times // di quando in quando, a quando a quando, from time to time (o now and then o occasionally).quando cong.1 (nel momento, nel tempo in cui) when: quando sono insieme non fanno che chiacchierare, when they are together all they do is gossip; quando arrivai, era già partito, when I arrived, he had already left; quand'era ragazzo giocava nella squadra di calcio della scuola, when he was a boy, he used to play in the school football team; quando egli ebbe finito di parlare, si levò un caloroso applauso, when he finished speaking, there was a warm round of applause; gliene parlerò quando lo vedrò, I'll mention it to him when I see him; verrò quando avrò finito di scrivere questa lettera, I'll come when I have finished writing this letter; quando sarà grande vuol fare il pilota, he wants to be a pilot when he grows up; tutto era rimasto come quando era bambino, everything was the same as when he was a child // da quando, since: da quando è in Italia, ha sempre lavorato con la stessa ditta, since he's been in Italy he has always worked for the same firm; da quando lo conosco, non ha avuto che guai, ever since I've known him, he's always been surrounded by trouble; molte cose sono accadute da quando sei partito, a great deal has happened since you left // di quando, of the time when: sono ricordi di quando eravamo in Inghilterra, they are reminders of the time when we were in England // per quando, by the time, (by) when: per quando ritorno dovete essere pronti, you must be ready by the time I get back // fino a quando, till (o until), ( fintantoché) as long as: rimase in Italia fino a quando ebbe terminato gli studi, he stayed in Italy till (o until) he had finished his studies; potete stare qui fino a quando vorrete, you can stay here as long as you like; non mi muoverò di qui fino a quando non avrò ottenuto una spiegazione, I'm not moving till I get an explanation // quand'ecco, when (suddenly): stavo per uscire, quand'ecco squillare il telefono, I was just about to go out when the phone suddenly rang // quando che sia, quando che fosse, any time // quando meno te l'aspetti, when you least expect it2 ( ogni volta che) whenever: venite quando volete, come whever you like; si rivolgono sempre a lui quando c'è qualche problema da risolvere, they always turn to him whenever there is a problem to solve; quando parli così, non sei obiettivo, whenever you talk like that you're not being objective; quando lo incontravo, aveva sempre qualcosa da raccontarmi, whenever I met him, he always had something to tell me3 ( mentre) while: quando studia, ascolta sempre musica, he always listens to music while he's studying; quando era ammalato, era la moglie ad occuparsi del negozio, while he was ill, his wife looked after the shop4 ( con valore causale) since, when: è sciocco insistere, quando sai benissimo di avere torto, you're silly to keep on, since (o when) you know very well you're wrong; quando ti dico che è così, mi devi credere, you must believe me when I say that's how it is5 (con valore condiz.) if: quand'è così..., if that is the case (o if that's so)...; quando dovessi vederlo, portagli i miei saluti, if you happen to see him, give him my regards; quando non ci fossero altri motivi, fallo per me, do it for my sake, if for nothing else; è inutile avere la casa in montagna, quando poi non ci si va mai, it's useless having a house in the mountains if you never go there; quando ne abbia fatto richiesta, il candidato può sostenere l'esame in altra sede, candidates may take the exam at a different venue if they apply to do so // quand'anche, even if, even though: quand'anche fosse così, non potrei farci nulla, even if that were the case, I couldn't do anything about it6 ( con valore avversativo) when: perché va a piedi quando potrebbe benissimo andare in macchina?, why does he walk when he could easily go by car?; non ha detto una parola, quando ( invece) avrebbe dovuto parlare, he said nothing, when he should actually have spoken; come può pretendere d'insegnare l'inglese, quando non lo sa nemmeno parlare?, how can he expect to teach English, when he can't even speak it?7 (con valore rel.) when: ricordo quel giorno quando ci siamo incontrati, I remember the day when we met.quando s.m. when: voleva sapere il come e il quando, he wanted to know the how and when (o the ins and outs).* * *['kwando]1. avvquando arriverà? — when is he arriving?, when will he arrive?
passerò a trovarti, ma non so quando — I'll come and see you, but I don't know when
fino a quando continuerà così? — how long will it go on o continue like this?
2. congpiange sempre quando parto — she always cries when I leave, she cries whenever I leave
quand'anche tu volessi parlargli... — even if you wanted to speak to him...
si lamenta lui quando ne avrei molto più diritto io — he's the one that's complaining, when in fact I've got much more reason to
vorrei trovare tutto pronto per quando torno — I'd like to find everything ready for when I come back
quando si dice la sfortuna...! — talk about bad luck...!
* * *['kwando] 1.1) whena quando il lieto evento? — when is the happy day o the baby due?
2) di quando in quando every now and then, every now and again, every so often, every once in a while2.1) whenquando arrivò sul posto, capì — when he got there, he understood
quando arriverà, gli darete la notizia — when he gets here, you can o will tell him the news
da quando sa nuotare, adora l'acqua — he has loved water ever since he learned to swim
fino a quando — till, until
3) (ogni volta che) whenever5) (mentre) whenl'ha lasciato solo quando invece avrebbe dovuto aiutarlo — she let him down when she should have helped him
6) (visto che) sincequando le cose stanno così non ho niente da aggiungere — since it's like that I have nothing else to say
7) (qualora) if, whenquando ti capita di vederlo, salutalo da parte mia — if you happen to see him, say hello to him for me
8) quand'anche even if9) quand'ecco when all of a sudden3.sostantivo maschile* * *quando/'kwando/I due principali usi di quando e del suo equivalente inglese when sono quelli di avverbio e congiunzione; come mostrano gli esempi nella voce, when congiunzione non può introdurre un verbo al futuro: quando arriverà, glielo diremo = when he arrives, we'll tell him; quando sarà arrivato, se ne accorgerà = when he has arrived, he'll realize it. - Si noti che da quando si dice since (non since when), e che quando si rende con whenever se il significato richiesto è tutte le volte che.I avverbio1 when; quando arriva? when is he arriving? quand'è il concerto? when is the concert? non so quando arriverà I don't know when she'll get here; da quando abitate qui? how long have you been living here? da quando in qua rispondi a tua madre? since when do you answer your mother back? di quand'è la lettera? what is the date on the letter? a quando il lieto evento? when is the happy day o the baby due? fino a quando ti fermi a Oxford? how long are you staying in Oxford? per quando sarà pronto? when will it be ready?2 di quando in quando every now and then, every now and again, every so often, every once in a whileII congiunzione1 when; quando arrivò sul posto, capì when he got there, he understood; quando arriverà, gli darete la notizia when he gets here, you can o will tell him the news; quando avrà finito when she's finished; mi chiami quando l'auto sarà pronta call me when the car is ready; quando meno me l'aspettavo è arrivato when I least expected it he arrived; ero appena uscito quando si mise a piovere I had just gone out when it started raining2 (preceduto da preposizione) da quando sa nuotare, adora l'acqua he has loved water ever since he learned to swim; da quando mi ricordo for as long as I can remember; parlaci di quando eri in Francia tell us about when you were in France; fino a quando till, until3 (ogni volta che) whenever; quando deve prendere l'aereo è sempre molto nervoso whenever he has to fly he gets nervous4 (in frasi esclamative) quando penso che mia figlia ha quasi dieci anni! to think that my daughter's almost ten!5 (mentre) when; l'ha lasciato solo quando invece avrebbe dovuto aiutarlo she let him down when she should have helped him6 (visto che) since; quando le cose stanno così non ho niente da aggiungere since it's like that I have nothing else to say7 (qualora) if, when; quando ti capita di vederlo, salutalo da parte mia if you happen to see him, say hello to him for me8 quand'anche even if9 quand'ecco when all of a suddenIII sostantivo m.il come e il quando how and when. -
6 desde
prep.1 since (time).no lo veo desde el mes pasado/desde ayer I haven't seen him since last month/yesterdaydesde ahora from now ondesde el principio from the beginningdesde hace mucho/un mes for ages/a monthdesde… hasta… from… until…desde el lunes hasta el viernes from Monday till Fridaydesde entonces since thendesde que sincedesde que murió mi madre since my mother died2 from (espacio).desde arriba/fuera from above/the outsidedesde… hasta… from… to…desde aquí hasta el centro from here to the centerEstá listo desde ese día It is ready from that day.3 from.desde 100.000 pesos from 100,000 pesos* * *1 (tiempo) since■ ¿desde cuándo? since when?■ desde entonces since then, from then on2 (lugar) from\desde ahora from now ondesde hace mucho tiempo for a long timedesde... hasta from... todesde que since* * *prep.1) since2) from•- desde entonces
- desde luego* * *PREP1) [indicando origen] from•
desde lejos — from a long way off, from afar liter2) [con cantidades, categorías] from3) [en el tiempo]desde el martes — (=el pasado) since Tuesday; (=el próximo) after Tuesday
•
¿desde cuándo vives aquí? — how long have you been living here?¿desde cuándo ocurre esto? — how long has this been happening?
•
desde hace tres años — for three years•
desde el 4 hasta el 16 — from the 4th until o to the 16th•
desde niño — since childhood, since I was a child-¿desde cuándo eres comunista? -desde siempre — "since when have you been a communist?" - "I've always been one"
4)•
desde luego —a) (=por supuesto) of course-¿vendrás? -desde luego — "are you coming?" - "of course (I am)"
eso, desde luego, no es culpa mía — that, of course, is not my fault
-¿quieres venir con nosotros? -desde luego que sí — "do you want to come with us?" - "of course I do"
-¿no sabes nada de eso? -desde luego que no — "you don't know anything about it?" - "of course not"
no era muy morena pero rubia desde luego que no — she wasn't really dark-haired, but she certainly wasn't blonde
b) [como coletilla]desde luego, vaya fama estamos cogiendo — we're certainly getting quite a reputation
desde luego, ¿quién lo iba a pensar? — I ask you, who would have thought it?, well, who would have thought it?
¡mira que olvidarte de llamar! ¡desde luego que eres despistado! — how could you forget to phone? you're so absent-minded!
5)DESDE Expresiones temporales En expresiones temporales, desde puede traducirse por since, from o, en combinación con hace/ hacía, por for. ► Desde ( que ) se traduce por since siempre que se especifique a partir de cuándo comenzó una acción o un estado que sigue desarrollándose en el presente o en el momento en que se habla: Llevo aquí de vacaciones desde el viernes I have been here on holiday since Friday No come mejillones desde que sufrió aquella intoxicación alimenticia He hasn't eaten mussels since he had that bout of food poisoning Dijo que no la había visto desde la guerra He said he hadn't seen her since the war NOTA: Hay que tener en cuenta que en casos como estos cuando se trata de algo que comienza en el pasado y sigue en el presente, el inglés hace uso del {pretérito perfecto} (en sus formas simple o progresiva). ► Traducimos desde por from cuando desde simplemente indica el momento en el que empezó la acción cuando la oración indica el final de la acción o se implica, de algún modo, que esta ya ha terminado: Y desde aquel día el rey no volvió a hablar del asunto And from that day on(wards), the king never spoke about the subject again ► La construcción desde ... hasta se traduce por from ... until o por from ... to: Trabajamos desde las nueve de la mañana hasta las cinco de la tarde We work from nine in the morning until o to five in the afternoon Tendrás que pagar el alquiler desde julio hasta octubre You will have to pay rent from July until o to October ► Desde hace y desde hacía se traducen por for ya que van seguidos de una cantidad de tiempo: Estoy esperando desde hace más de una hora I have been waiting for over an hour No se había sentido tan feliz desde hacía años He hadn't felt so happy for years ► En oraciones interrogativas, desde cuándo se traduce por how long. En este tipo de preguntas, el inglés utiliza el pretérito perfecto para referirse a algo que empezó en el pasado y continúa en el presente: ¿Desde cuándo os conocéis? How long have you known each other? Para otros usos y ejemplos ver la entradadesde que puedo recordar — ever since I can remember, as long as I can remember
* * *1) ( en el tiempo) sincedesde entonces/desde que se casó — since then/since he got married
¿desde cuándo te gustan los mejillones? - desde siempre! — since when have you liked mussels? - I've always liked them!
¿desde cuándo trabajas aquí? — how long have you been working here?
desde niño — since he/I was a child
desde el primer momento or un principio — right from the start
desde el 15 hasta el 30 — from the 15th to o until the 30th
2) ( en el espacio) fromdesde aquí/allá — from here/there
¿desde dónde tengo que leer? — where do I have to read from?
3) (en escalas, jerarquías) from* * *= from, from as far back as + Expresión Temporal.Ex. From the analysis of some 5760 questions, Wilkinson and Miller developed a 'step approach' to differentiate reference questions according to how many judgmental steps were required to answer them.Ex. In all types of libraries in Lesotho, shortage of, and the need for trained librarians has been felt from as far back as the mid-1970s.----* desde allí = thence.* desde antiguo = from time immemorial.* desde aquel entonces = thenceforth.* desde aquel momento = ever after.* desde cero = from the ground up.* desde cualquier punto de vista = by any standard(s).* desde dentro = from within, from the inside, from the inside-out, inside-out.* desde dentro hacia fuera = from the inside-out.* desde dentro y desde fuera de = within and without.* desde el amanecer hasta el atardecer = from sunrise to sunset, from sun up to sun down, from sun up to sun down, from sun to sun.* desde el amanecer hasta el atardecer = from dawn (to/till/until) dusk.* desde el comienzo = from the outset, from the start, from the beginning, ab initio, from the word go, from the word get-go.* desde el comienzo de los tiempos = since the beginning of time, from the beginning of time, since time began.* desde el primer día = from day one.* desde el primer momento = from the word go, from the word get-go.* desde el principio = from the start, all along, ab initio, from the outset, from the beginning, from the word go, from the word get-go.* desde el principio de los tiempos = since the beginning of time, from the beginning of time, since time began.* desde el punto de vista de = in terms of, from the vantage of.* desde el punto de vista de la conservación = aesthetically [esthetically, -USA], medically, medically, musically, preservationally.* desde el punto de vista de la archivística = archivally.* desde el punto de vista de la calidad = on quality grounds.* desde el punto de vista de la cinética = kinetically.* desde el punto de vista de la competitividad = competitively.* desde el punto de vista de la cultura = culturally.* desde el punto de vista de la funcionalidad = functionally.* desde el punto de vista de la logística = logistically.* desde el punto de vista de la mitosis = mitotically.* desde el punto de vista de la notación = notationally.* desde el punto de vista de la nutrición = nutritionally speaking, nutritionally.* desde el punto de vista de la química = chemically.* desde el punto de vista de la realidad = factually.* desde el punto de vista de las matemáticas = mathematically.* desde el punto de vista de la tonalidad = tonally.* desde el punto de vista del contexto = contextually.* desde el punto de vista del estilo = stylistically.* desde el punto de vista del funcionamiento = operationally.* desde el punto de vista del medio ambiente = environmentally.* desde el punto de vista del + Nombre = as seen through the eyes of + Nombre.* desde el punto de vista de los hechos = factually.* desde el punto de vista del trabajador = in the trenches.* desde el punto de vista del uso = in terms of use.* desde el punto de vista de + Nombre = as far as + Nombre + be + concerned.* desde el punto de vista económico = fiscally.* desde el punto de vista lingüístico = linguistically.* desde el punto de vista político = politically.* desde el punto de vista profesional = career-wise [careerwise].* desde entonces = ever since, henceforth, in the interim, since, since that time, since then, henceforward, ever since then, ever since then, thenceforth, in the intervening years, ever after, in the intervening period, since that day.* desde entonces hasta la actualidad = from then to the present day.* desde ese día = since that day.* desde ese momento = from that point, ever after.* desde esta misma perspectiva = along the same lines.* desde este punto de vista = viewed in this light.* desde + Expresión Temporal = since + Expresión Temporal, ever since + Expresión Temporal.* desde + Expresión Temporal + hasta el presente = from + Expresión Temporal + up to the present.* desde + Expresión Temporal + hasta hoy día = from + Expresión Temporal + up to the present day.* desde + Fecha + hasta ahora = from + Fecha + to the present.* desde + Fecha/Lugar + en adelante = from + Fecha/Lugar + onward(s).* desde fuera = from the outside.* desde hace algún tiempo = for some time past, for days.* desde hace años = over the years, for years past, for years.* desde hace la tira (de tiempo) = for yonks, for yonks and yonks.* desde hace muchísimo tiempo = in ages (and ages and ages).* desde hace muchos años = for years.* desde hace mucho tiempo = for ages, long-time [longtime], far back in time, for a long time, long since, in ages (and ages and ages).* desde hace siglos = for yonks, for yonks and yonks.* desde hace tanto tiempo = so long.* desde hace tiempo = long [longer -comp., longest -sup.], over the years, for a long time, long since, for some time.* desde hace un montonazo de tiempo = for yonks and yonks.* desde hace un montón de tiempo = for yonks.* desde hace un par de + Tiempo = in these past couple of + Tiempo.* desde hace varios años + Presente = for several years + Pretérito Perfecto.* desde hace ya algún tiempo = for some time now.* desde hace ya años = for years now.* desde... hasta... = from... through..., during the period + Período de Tiempo, from... right across....* desde hoy en adelante = as from today.* desde la antigüedad = since ancient times.* desde la cabeza hasta los pies = head to toe, from head to toe, from head to foot.* desde la época de/cuando = since the days of/when.* desde la época prehistórica = since prehistoric times.* desde la mañana a la noche = from morning to night.* desde la perspectiva de = in light of.* desde la prehistoria = since prehistoric times.* desde lejos = from a distance, from afar.* desde los comienzos = from an early stage.* desde los primeros tiempos = since the earliest of times, from earliest times.* desde los viejos tiempos = since olden times.* desde mi punto de vista = in my opinion, in my view, in my books.* desde mitad de + Expresión Temporal + en adelante = from the mid + Expresión Temporal + onwards.* desde muy antiguo = since olden times.* desde muy lejos = from afar.* desde..., pasando por..., hasta... = from..., through..., to....* desde + perspectiva = against + backdrop.* desde principio a fin = throughout.* desde principios de siglo = since the turn of the century, from the turn of the century.* desde + punto de vista = against + backdrop.* desde que el mundo es mundo = from the beginning of time, since the beginning of time, since time began.* desde su época = since + Posesivo + day.* desde su origen = from + its/their + inception, since + its/their + inception.* desde sus comienzos = from + its/their + inception, from + its/their + beginnings, since + its/their + beginnings, since + its/their + inception.* desde tiempo inmemorial = since earliest time, since time immemorial, from time immemorial, since time out of mind, from time out of mind.* desde tiempos prehistóricos = since prehistoric times.* desde todos los puntos de vista = in every sense.* desde una perspectiva + Adjetivo = along + Adjetivo + line.* desde un extremo... al otro = from one end... to the other.* desde un punto de vista académico = academically.* desde un punto de vista antropológico = anthropologically.* desde un punto de vista clínico = medically, medically.* desde un punto de vista clínico = clinically.* desde un punto de vista cognitivo = cognitively.* desde un punto de vista crítico = judgmentally [judgementally], with a critical eye, critically.* desde un punto de vista cultural = culturally.* desde un punto de vista ecológico = ecologically.* desde un punto de vista económico = economically, monetarily.* desde un punto de vista estético = aesthetically [esthetically, -USA].* desde un punto de vista estrictamente técnico = technically speaking.* desde un punto de vista étnico = ethnically.* desde un punto de vista filosófico = philosophically.* desde un punto de vista general = in a broad sense.* desde un punto de vista histórico = historically.* desde un punto de vista más amplio = in a broader sense.* desde un punto de vista más general = in a broader sense.* desde un punto de vista médico = medically, medically.* desde un punto de vista medioambiental = environmentally.* desde un punto de vista monetario = monetarily.* desde un punto de vista morfológico = morphologically.* desde un punto de vista operativo = operationally.* desde un punto de vista racista = racially + Adjetivo.* desde un punto de vista religioso = religiously.* desde un punto de vista socioeconómico = socioeconomically.* desde un punto de vista técnico = technically.* desde un punto vista ético = ethically.* existir desde hace años = be around for years.* nada más y nada menos que desde + Expresión Temporal = from as far back as + Expresión Temporal.* olvidado desde hace tiempo = long forgotten.* * *1) ( en el tiempo) sincedesde entonces/desde que se casó — since then/since he got married
¿desde cuándo te gustan los mejillones? - desde siempre! — since when have you liked mussels? - I've always liked them!
¿desde cuándo trabajas aquí? — how long have you been working here?
desde niño — since he/I was a child
desde el primer momento or un principio — right from the start
desde el 15 hasta el 30 — from the 15th to o until the 30th
2) ( en el espacio) fromdesde aquí/allá — from here/there
¿desde dónde tengo que leer? — where do I have to read from?
3) (en escalas, jerarquías) from* * *= from, from as far back as + Expresión Temporal.Ex: From the analysis of some 5760 questions, Wilkinson and Miller developed a 'step approach' to differentiate reference questions according to how many judgmental steps were required to answer them.
Ex: In all types of libraries in Lesotho, shortage of, and the need for trained librarians has been felt from as far back as the mid-1970s.* desde allí = thence.* desde antiguo = from time immemorial.* desde aquel entonces = thenceforth.* desde aquel momento = ever after.* desde cero = from the ground up.* desde cualquier punto de vista = by any standard(s).* desde dentro = from within, from the inside, from the inside-out, inside-out.* desde dentro hacia fuera = from the inside-out.* desde dentro y desde fuera de = within and without.* desde el amanecer hasta el atardecer = from sunrise to sunset, from sun up to sun down, from sun up to sun down, from sun to sun.* desde el amanecer hasta el atardecer = from dawn (to/till/until) dusk.* desde el comienzo = from the outset, from the start, from the beginning, ab initio, from the word go, from the word get-go.* desde el comienzo de los tiempos = since the beginning of time, from the beginning of time, since time began.* desde el primer día = from day one.* desde el primer momento = from the word go, from the word get-go.* desde el principio = from the start, all along, ab initio, from the outset, from the beginning, from the word go, from the word get-go.* desde el principio de los tiempos = since the beginning of time, from the beginning of time, since time began.* desde el punto de vista de = in terms of, from the vantage of.* desde el punto de vista de la conservación = aesthetically [esthetically, -USA], medically, medically, musically, preservationally.* desde el punto de vista de la archivística = archivally.* desde el punto de vista de la calidad = on quality grounds.* desde el punto de vista de la cinética = kinetically.* desde el punto de vista de la competitividad = competitively.* desde el punto de vista de la cultura = culturally.* desde el punto de vista de la funcionalidad = functionally.* desde el punto de vista de la logística = logistically.* desde el punto de vista de la mitosis = mitotically.* desde el punto de vista de la notación = notationally.* desde el punto de vista de la nutrición = nutritionally speaking, nutritionally.* desde el punto de vista de la química = chemically.* desde el punto de vista de la realidad = factually.* desde el punto de vista de las matemáticas = mathematically.* desde el punto de vista de la tonalidad = tonally.* desde el punto de vista del contexto = contextually.* desde el punto de vista del estilo = stylistically.* desde el punto de vista del funcionamiento = operationally.* desde el punto de vista del medio ambiente = environmentally.* desde el punto de vista del + Nombre = as seen through the eyes of + Nombre.* desde el punto de vista de los hechos = factually.* desde el punto de vista del trabajador = in the trenches.* desde el punto de vista del uso = in terms of use.* desde el punto de vista de + Nombre = as far as + Nombre + be + concerned.* desde el punto de vista económico = fiscally.* desde el punto de vista lingüístico = linguistically.* desde el punto de vista político = politically.* desde el punto de vista profesional = career-wise [careerwise].* desde entonces = ever since, henceforth, in the interim, since, since that time, since then, henceforward, ever since then, ever since then, thenceforth, in the intervening years, ever after, in the intervening period, since that day.* desde entonces hasta la actualidad = from then to the present day.* desde ese día = since that day.* desde ese momento = from that point, ever after.* desde esta misma perspectiva = along the same lines.* desde este punto de vista = viewed in this light.* desde + Expresión Temporal = since + Expresión Temporal, ever since + Expresión Temporal.* desde + Expresión Temporal + hasta el presente = from + Expresión Temporal + up to the present.* desde + Expresión Temporal + hasta hoy día = from + Expresión Temporal + up to the present day.* desde + Fecha + hasta ahora = from + Fecha + to the present.* desde + Fecha/Lugar + en adelante = from + Fecha/Lugar + onward(s).* desde fuera = from the outside.* desde hace algún tiempo = for some time past, for days.* desde hace años = over the years, for years past, for years.* desde hace la tira (de tiempo) = for yonks, for yonks and yonks.* desde hace muchísimo tiempo = in ages (and ages and ages).* desde hace muchos años = for years.* desde hace mucho tiempo = for ages, long-time [longtime], far back in time, for a long time, long since, in ages (and ages and ages).* desde hace siglos = for yonks, for yonks and yonks.* desde hace tanto tiempo = so long.* desde hace tiempo = long [longer -comp., longest -sup.], over the years, for a long time, long since, for some time.* desde hace un montonazo de tiempo = for yonks and yonks.* desde hace un montón de tiempo = for yonks.* desde hace un par de + Tiempo = in these past couple of + Tiempo.* desde hace varios años + Presente = for several years + Pretérito Perfecto.* desde hace ya algún tiempo = for some time now.* desde hace ya años = for years now.* desde... hasta... = from... through..., during the period + Período de Tiempo, from... right across....* desde hoy en adelante = as from today.* desde la antigüedad = since ancient times.* desde la cabeza hasta los pies = head to toe, from head to toe, from head to foot.* desde la época de/cuando = since the days of/when.* desde la época prehistórica = since prehistoric times.* desde la mañana a la noche = from morning to night.* desde la perspectiva de = in light of.* desde la prehistoria = since prehistoric times.* desde lejos = from a distance, from afar.* desde los comienzos = from an early stage.* desde los primeros tiempos = since the earliest of times, from earliest times.* desde los viejos tiempos = since olden times.* desde mi punto de vista = in my opinion, in my view, in my books.* desde mitad de + Expresión Temporal + en adelante = from the mid + Expresión Temporal + onwards.* desde muy antiguo = since olden times.* desde muy lejos = from afar.* desde..., pasando por..., hasta... = from..., through..., to....* desde + perspectiva = against + backdrop.* desde principio a fin = throughout.* desde principios de siglo = since the turn of the century, from the turn of the century.* desde + punto de vista = against + backdrop.* desde que el mundo es mundo = from the beginning of time, since the beginning of time, since time began.* desde su época = since + Posesivo + day.* desde su origen = from + its/their + inception, since + its/their + inception.* desde sus comienzos = from + its/their + inception, from + its/their + beginnings, since + its/their + beginnings, since + its/their + inception.* desde tiempo inmemorial = since earliest time, since time immemorial, from time immemorial, since time out of mind, from time out of mind.* desde tiempos prehistóricos = since prehistoric times.* desde todos los puntos de vista = in every sense.* desde una perspectiva + Adjetivo = along + Adjetivo + line.* desde un extremo... al otro = from one end... to the other.* desde un punto de vista académico = academically.* desde un punto de vista antropológico = anthropologically.* desde un punto de vista clínico = medically, medically.* desde un punto de vista clínico = clinically.* desde un punto de vista cognitivo = cognitively.* desde un punto de vista crítico = judgmentally [judgementally], with a critical eye, critically.* desde un punto de vista cultural = culturally.* desde un punto de vista ecológico = ecologically.* desde un punto de vista económico = economically, monetarily.* desde un punto de vista estético = aesthetically [esthetically, -USA].* desde un punto de vista estrictamente técnico = technically speaking.* desde un punto de vista étnico = ethnically.* desde un punto de vista filosófico = philosophically.* desde un punto de vista general = in a broad sense.* desde un punto de vista histórico = historically.* desde un punto de vista más amplio = in a broader sense.* desde un punto de vista más general = in a broader sense.* desde un punto de vista médico = medically, medically.* desde un punto de vista medioambiental = environmentally.* desde un punto de vista monetario = monetarily.* desde un punto de vista morfológico = morphologically.* desde un punto de vista operativo = operationally.* desde un punto de vista racista = racially + Adjetivo.* desde un punto de vista religioso = religiously.* desde un punto de vista socioeconómico = socioeconomically.* desde un punto de vista técnico = technically.* desde un punto vista ético = ethically.* existir desde hace años = be around for years.* nada más y nada menos que desde + Expresión Temporal = from as far back as + Expresión Temporal.* olvidado desde hace tiempo = long forgotten.* * *A (en el tiempo) sincedesde entonces/desde que se casó no lo he vuelto a ver I haven't seen him again since then/since he got marriedestamos aquí desde el mes pasado we've been here since last month¿desde cuándo trabajas aquí? how long have you been working here?¿desde cuándo te gustan los mejillones? — ¡desde siempre! since when have you liked mussels? — I've always liked them!¿desde cuándo hay que hacerlo así? — desde ahora when do we have to start doing it that way? — as from nowdesde niño había sido muy ambicioso he had been very ambitious ever since he was a childdesde el primer momento or un principio right from the start o the outsetno los veo desde hace meses I haven't seen them for monthsestaba enfermo desde hacía un año he had been ill for a yeardesde que + SUBJ( liter): desde que llegara a ese país since the day that she arrived in that countrydesde que aprendiera a escribir since the time I learned to writeDESDE … HASTA:estará abierto desde el 15 hasta el 30 it will be open from the 15th to o till o until the 30thdesde que llegó hasta que se fue from the time she arrived to the time she leftB (en el espacio) fromles mandé una postal desde Dublín I sent them a postcard from Dublinlo vi desde la ventana I saw him from the window¿desde dónde tengo que leer? where do I have to read from?desde mi punto de vista from my point of viewnosotros, desde aquí, intentaremos hacer lo que podamos we'll do what we can here o from this end o from our endDESDE … HASTA … FROM … TO …desde la página 12 hasta la 20 from page 12 to o as far as o up to page 20desde la cabeza hasta los pies from head to footC (en escalas, jerarquías) fromblusas desde 12 euros blouses from 12 eurosDESDE … HASTA … FROM … TO …todos, desde los trabajadores hasta los empresarios, … everyone, from the workers (up) to the management, …desde el director hasta el último empleado de la compañía from the director (down) to the lowest employee in the companytemas que van desde la reforma penal hasta la crisis económica subjects ranging from penal reform to the economic crisisD* * *
desde preposición
1 ( en el tiempo) since;◊ desde entonces/desde que se casó since then/since he got married;
¿desde cuándo trabajas aquí? how long have you been working here?;
desde el primer momento right from the start;
no los veo desde hace meses I haven't seen them for months;
desde el 15 hasta el 30 from the 15th to o until the 30th
2 ( en el espacio) from;◊ desde aquí/allá from here/there;
¿desde dónde tengo que leer? where do I have to read from?;
desde la página 12 hasta la 20 from page 12 (up) to page 20
3 (en escalas, jerarquías) from;
desde
I preposición
1 (punto en que comienza a contarse el tiempo) since: estuvo allí desde el jueves hasta el lunes, she was there from Thursday until Monday
no he hablado con él desde hace meses, I haven't talked to him for months
¿desde cuándo lo sabes?, how long have you known?
desde que María me lo dijo, ever since Maria told me
desde ayer, since yesterday
desde esta mañana, from this morning on
2 (punto en que comienza a contarse una distancia o se señala una perspectiva) from
desde aquí, from here
desde la ventana, from the window
figurado habla desde la ignorancia, he speaks out from ignorance
♦ Locuciones: desde luego, of course
desde siempre, always
' desde' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abandonarse
- arriba
- borrasca
- caer
- cuándo
- desarrollar
- doblarse
- donde
- ermitaña
- ermitaño
- españolizar
- ir
- gritar
- judoka
- lloro
- llover
- lozana
- lozano
- luego
- mendicidad
- mustia
- mustio
- nos
- residir
- risa
- robar
- rondar
- siempre
- tarde
- ver
- vivir
- yudoka
- abajo
- antiguo
- arrastrar
- bombardear
- bombardeo
- descender
- descenso
- dominar
- exterior
- mejor
- memoria
- mirar
- pie
- razón
- retroactivo
- saber
- ser
- simpatizar
English:
absolutely
- all
- approach
- arouse
- back up
- beginning
- blow
- burning
- can
- carry
- certainly
- conception
- ease off
- ease up
- educationally
- elapse
- explode
- first
- for
- from
- go
- gorgeous
- grandstand
- hear of
- hence
- inherent
- jump down
- kerb-crawl
- kerb-crawling
- know
- listen
- look down
- lost
- mainland
- off
- ought
- outset
- outside
- pass down
- perspective
- range
- respect
- scene
- see
- since
- spectacular
- splendid
- standing
- talk down
- then
* * *♦ prep1. [indica tiempo] since;no lo veo desde el mes pasado/desde ayer I haven't seen him since last month/since yesterday;desde aquel día, nada volvió a ser igual from that day on, things were never the same again;desde ahora from now on;¿desde cuándo? since when?;¿desde cuándo se conocen? how long o since when have you known each other?;¿desde cuándo no hay que llamar para entrar? since when has it been all right to come in without knocking?;desde entonces since then;no la veo desde hace un año I haven't seen her for a year, it's a year since I last saw her;desde hace dos días no come she hasn't eaten for two days;¿desde cuánto hace que no come? how long has she not been eating?;desde hace mucho/un mes for ages/a month;trabaja para ellos desde hace poco she recently started working for them;te espero desde hace más de una hora I've been waiting for you for more than an hour;Fam¡desde hace que no la veo! [en tono enfático] I haven't seen her for AGES!;desde… hasta… from… until…;desde el 1 hasta el 15 de septiembre from 1 to 15 September;desde niño o [m5] desde pequeño me enseñaron a dar las gracias I was brought up to say thank you to people from an early age;desde el principio supe que no iba a salir bien I knew from the very beginning o from the word go it wasn't going to turn out well;desde que since;desde que la vi en el teatro, no he vuelto a saber nada de ella I haven't heard from her since (the day) I saw her at the theatre;desde que murió mi madre since my mother died;desde ya [inmediatamente] right now;ponte a ordenar esta habitación desde ya start tidying this room this instant2. [indica espacio] from;desde mi ventana se ve el puerto you can see the harbour from my window;vinieron a vernos desde Santiago they came from Santiago to visit us;¿desde dónde nos disparan? where are they shooting at us from?;desde arriba/abajo from above/below;visto desde arriba, parece más grande seen from above, it looks bigger;se ve desde lejos it can be seen from a long way away;desde… hasta… from… to…;desde aquí hasta el centro from here to the centre;desde un punto de vista jurídico… from a legal point of view…;afrontemos el proceso de paz desde la democracia y el respeto let us enter the peace process in a spirit of democracy and respect3. [indica cantidad mínima] from;desde 10.000 euros from 10,000 euros4. [indica lo que se abarca]desde… hasta… from… to…;se encargan de todo, desde el viaje hasta el alojamiento they take care of everything, from the travel arrangements to the accommodation;sabe hacer de todo, desde cambiar un fusible hasta arreglar una moto she can do all sorts of things, from changing a fuse to repairing a motorbike♦ desde luego loc adv1. [por supuesto]¡desde luego (que sí)! of course!;¡desde luego que me gusta! of course I like it!;¡desde luego que no os ayudaré! no way am I going to help you!, I'm certainly not going to help you!2. [en tono de reproche]¡desde luego! for goodness' sake!;¡desde luego! ¡no te creía capaz de una cosa así! I certainly didn't think you were capable of something like this!;¡desde luego, tienes cada idea! you really come out with some funny ideas!* * *prpdesde 1993 since 1993;desde que since;desde hace tres días for three days;desde hace mucho/poco for a long/short time;desde mañana from tomorrow;desde arriba/abajo from above/below;te veo desde aquí I can see you from here3 en escala from;desde … hasta … from … to …4:desde luego of course* * *desde prep1) : from2) : since3)desde ahora : from now on4)desde entonces : since then5)desde hace : for, since (a time)ha estado nevando desde hace dos días: it's been snowing for two days6)desde luego : of course7)desde que : since, ever since8)desde ya : right now, immediately* * *desde prep1. (lugar, cantidad) fromno sabemos nada de ellos desde que se casaron we haven't heard anything from them since they got marrieddesde... hasta from... todesde entonces since then / from then on¿desde cuándo? how long?¿desde cuándo pasas las vacaciones aquí? how long have you been coming here on holiday? -
7 conocer
v.1 to know (saber cosas acerca de).conocer algo a fondo to know something wellconocer bien un tema to know a lot about a subjectdarse a conocer to make oneself knowndieron a conocer la noticia a través de la prensa they announced the news through the pressEllos conocen el lugar They know the place.2 to meet (a una persona) (por primera vez).¿conoces a mi jefe? do you know o have you met my boss?conocer a alguien de vista to know somebody by sightconocer a alguien de oídas to have heard of somebody¿de qué la conoces? how do you know her?María conoció a Ricardo en verano Mary met Richard in the summer.3 to get to know, to visit for the first time (lugar, país) (descubrir).no conozco Rusia I've never been to Russiame gustaría conocer Australia I'd like to go to o visit Australia* * *(c changes to zc before a and o)Present Indicativeconozco, conoces, conoce, conemos, conocéis, conocen.Present SubjunctiveImperative* * *verb1) to know2) meet•* * *1. VT1) [+ persona]a) (=saber quién es) to know¿de qué lo conoces? — where do you know him from?
¿conoces a Pedro? — have you met Pedro?, do you know Pedro?
•
la conozco de oídas — I've heard of her, I know of herb) (=ver por primera vez) to meetc) (=saber cómo es) to get to knowd) (=reconocer) to recognize, knowte he conocido por el modo de andar — I recognized o knew you from the way you walk
2) (=tener conocimiento de) [+ método, resultado] to know; [+ noticia] to hearel enfermo debe conocer la verdad — the patient must be told o must know the truth
3) [+ país, ciudad]no conozco Buenos Aires — I've never been to Buenos Aires, I don't know Buenos Aires
4) (=dominar) to knowconoce cuatro idiomas — she speaks o knows four languages
5) (=experimentar)6) (=distinguir) to know, tellconoce cuáles son buenos y cuáles malos — he knows o can tell which are good and which are bad
7)• dar a conocer — [+ información] to announce; [+ declaración, informe, cifras] to release
dio a conocer sus intenciones — she announced her intentions, she made her intentions known
no dieron a conocer su paradero por motivos de seguridad — they didn't reveal where they were staying for security reasons
darse a conocer a algn — to make o.s. known to sb
8) (Jur) [+ causa] to try2. VI1) (=saber)•
conocer de algo, ¿alguien conoce de algún libro sobre el tema? — does anybody know (of) a book on the subject?2) (Jur)conocer de o en una causa — to try a case
3.See:CONOCER ► Conocer, aplicado a personas o cosas, se traduce generalmente por know: No conozco muy bien a su familia I don't know his family very well Nos conocemos desde que éramos pequeños We have known each other since we were little Conoce Manchester como la palma de la mano He knows Manchester like the back of his hand ► Sin embargo, cuando queremos indicar que se trata del primer encuentro, se debe utilizar meet: La conocí en una fiesta I (first) met her at a party ¿Conoces a Carmen? Ven que te la presento Have you met Carmen? Come and I'll introduce you Para otros usos y ejemplos ver la entrada* * *1.verbo transitivo1) < persona> to know; ( por primera vez) to meet; <ciudad/país> to know¿conoces a Juan? — do you know o have you met Juan?
lquiero que conozcas a mi novi — oI want you to meet my boyfrien; ( aprender cómo es) <persona/ciudad> to get to know
d¿conoces Irlanda — do you know o? have you been to Ireland
2) (estar familiarizado con, dominar) <tema/autor/obra> to know, be familiar with; < lengua> to speak, know3)a) ( saber de la existencia de) to know, know ofconocían sus actividades — they knew of o about his activities
b)dar a conocer — (frml) <noticia/resultado> to announce; <identidad/intenciones> to reveal
darse a conocer — persona to make oneself known
4) ( reconocer) to recognize*5) ( experimentar) < crisis> to experience; <desarrollo/cambio> to undergo; < revolución> to see6) (impers) ( notar)7) (Der) <causa/caso> to try8) (arc) ( tener trato carnal con) to know (arch)2.conocer vi1) ( saber)conocer de algo — de tema/materia to know about something
2) (Der)3.conocerse v pron1) (recípr) ( tener cierta relación con) to know each other; ( por primera vez) to meet; ( aprender cómo se es) to get to know each other2) (refl)a) ( aprender cómo se es) to get to know oneselfb) ( saber cómo se es) to know oneself3) (enf) (fam) ( estar familiarizado con) to know* * *= be aware of, be cognisant of, know, learn, get to know, make + aware, become + cognisant of, gain + a sense of, be privy to, find out.Ex. Although this may seem an obvious statement, there are many instances when the searcher is not fully aware of what can or might be retrieved.Ex. The second aspect of institutional behavior we need to be cognizant of involves the notion the further institutions move into their life-cycles, the more they demonstrate the characteristics of a closed system.Ex. However, in general, it is unreasonable to expect a user to know the ISBN of a book.Ex. 'I'd be disappointed to learn that my boss or subordinates -- or peers for that matter -- told tales out of school about me to others'.Ex. She still had more than two weeks in which to return to Deuxville, settle in and find an apartment, and get to know the city.Ex. Libraries need to be made aware of all possible networking options, the benefits of the lesser known OSI suite of protocols and the requirements for establishing an OSI environment.Ex. Becoming cognizant of these retail promotional tools is the first step -- the fun part is adopting successful ones!.Ex. The best way of gaining some sense of what life used to be like is through the literature of the time.Ex. Even individual models vary from others by the same manufacturer; but that isn't something I can advise on, I' m not privy to the information.Ex. For example, a person can consult the system holdings files to find out whether a library in the network owns a copy of the document.----* ayudar a conocer mejor = advance + understanding.* conocer a Alguien = meet + Alguien.* conocer a ciencia cierta = know for + certain, know for + sure, know for + a fact.* conocer al dedillo = know + Nombre + off pat.* conocer Algo al dedillo = know + Nombre + inside-out, learn + Nombre + inside-out.* conocer Algo como la palma de + Posesivo + mano = know + Algo + like the back of + Posesivo + hand.* conocer Algo de cabo a rabo = know + Nombre + inside-out.* conocer bien = be knowledgeable about, be alert to.* conocer como = designate as.* conocer cómo piensa Alguien = get + inside the mind of.* conocer con certeza = know for + certain, know for + sure.* conocer de algún modo = know + on some grounds.* conocer de antemano = foreknow.* conocer de carretilla = know + Nombre + off pat.* conocer de lo que Alguien o Algo es capaz = have + Nombre + figured out.* conocer de memoria = know + Nombre + off pat.* conocer de primera mano = know + first-hand.* conocer + desafortunadamente = be painfully aware of.* conocer de seguro = know for + certain, know for + sure.* conocer (el) mundo = travel around + the world.* conocer la noticia = learn + the news.* conocer la verdad = discern + the truth.* conocer lo que Alguien o Algo es capaz de hacer = have + Nombre + figured out.* conocer mejor = gain + a better understanding, gain + a greater understanding.* conocer muy bien = be fully aware of.* conocer muy bien la materia = know + Posesivo + stuff.* conocer personalmente = meet + in person, meet + face to face.* conocer por experiencia = know (by/from) + experience.* conocerse como = call, be known as, dub.* conocérsele así por = get + Posesivo + name from.* conocer vida = see + the world.* conócete a ti mismo = know + thyself.* dar a conocer = bring to + the attention, communicate, publicise [publicize, -USA], report, articulate, make + known.* dar Algo a conocer = get + the word out.* no conocer a Alguien de nada = not know + Pronombre + from Adam.* no conocer a Alguien para nada = not know + Pronombre + from Adam.* No importa lo que se conoce, sino a quién se conoce = It's not what you know, but who you know.* quedar mucho por conocer = there + be + a great deal yet to be learned, there + be + still a great deal to be learned.* sin conocer = ignorant of.* tal como lo conocemos = as we know it.* * *1.verbo transitivo1) < persona> to know; ( por primera vez) to meet; <ciudad/país> to know¿conoces a Juan? — do you know o have you met Juan?
lquiero que conozcas a mi novi — oI want you to meet my boyfrien; ( aprender cómo es) <persona/ciudad> to get to know
d¿conoces Irlanda — do you know o? have you been to Ireland
2) (estar familiarizado con, dominar) <tema/autor/obra> to know, be familiar with; < lengua> to speak, know3)a) ( saber de la existencia de) to know, know ofconocían sus actividades — they knew of o about his activities
b)dar a conocer — (frml) <noticia/resultado> to announce; <identidad/intenciones> to reveal
darse a conocer — persona to make oneself known
4) ( reconocer) to recognize*5) ( experimentar) < crisis> to experience; <desarrollo/cambio> to undergo; < revolución> to see6) (impers) ( notar)7) (Der) <causa/caso> to try8) (arc) ( tener trato carnal con) to know (arch)2.conocer vi1) ( saber)conocer de algo — de tema/materia to know about something
2) (Der)3.conocerse v pron1) (recípr) ( tener cierta relación con) to know each other; ( por primera vez) to meet; ( aprender cómo se es) to get to know each other2) (refl)a) ( aprender cómo se es) to get to know oneselfb) ( saber cómo se es) to know oneself3) (enf) (fam) ( estar familiarizado con) to know* * *= be aware of, be cognisant of, know, learn, get to know, make + aware, become + cognisant of, gain + a sense of, be privy to, find out.Ex: Although this may seem an obvious statement, there are many instances when the searcher is not fully aware of what can or might be retrieved.
Ex: The second aspect of institutional behavior we need to be cognizant of involves the notion the further institutions move into their life-cycles, the more they demonstrate the characteristics of a closed system.Ex: However, in general, it is unreasonable to expect a user to know the ISBN of a book.Ex: 'I'd be disappointed to learn that my boss or subordinates -- or peers for that matter -- told tales out of school about me to others'.Ex: She still had more than two weeks in which to return to Deuxville, settle in and find an apartment, and get to know the city.Ex: Libraries need to be made aware of all possible networking options, the benefits of the lesser known OSI suite of protocols and the requirements for establishing an OSI environment.Ex: Becoming cognizant of these retail promotional tools is the first step -- the fun part is adopting successful ones!.Ex: The best way of gaining some sense of what life used to be like is through the literature of the time.Ex: Even individual models vary from others by the same manufacturer; but that isn't something I can advise on, I' m not privy to the information.Ex: For example, a person can consult the system holdings files to find out whether a library in the network owns a copy of the document.* ayudar a conocer mejor = advance + understanding.* conocer a Alguien = meet + Alguien.* conocer a ciencia cierta = know for + certain, know for + sure, know for + a fact.* conocer al dedillo = know + Nombre + off pat.* conocer Algo al dedillo = know + Nombre + inside-out, learn + Nombre + inside-out.* conocer Algo como la palma de + Posesivo + mano = know + Algo + like the back of + Posesivo + hand.* conocer Algo de cabo a rabo = know + Nombre + inside-out.* conocer bien = be knowledgeable about, be alert to.* conocer como = designate as.* conocer cómo piensa Alguien = get + inside the mind of.* conocer con certeza = know for + certain, know for + sure.* conocer de algún modo = know + on some grounds.* conocer de antemano = foreknow.* conocer de carretilla = know + Nombre + off pat.* conocer de lo que Alguien o Algo es capaz = have + Nombre + figured out.* conocer de memoria = know + Nombre + off pat.* conocer de primera mano = know + first-hand.* conocer + desafortunadamente = be painfully aware of.* conocer de seguro = know for + certain, know for + sure.* conocer (el) mundo = travel around + the world.* conocer la noticia = learn + the news.* conocer la verdad = discern + the truth.* conocer lo que Alguien o Algo es capaz de hacer = have + Nombre + figured out.* conocer mejor = gain + a better understanding, gain + a greater understanding.* conocer muy bien = be fully aware of.* conocer muy bien la materia = know + Posesivo + stuff.* conocer personalmente = meet + in person, meet + face to face.* conocer por experiencia = know (by/from) + experience.* conocerse como = call, be known as, dub.* conocérsele así por = get + Posesivo + name from.* conocer vida = see + the world.* conócete a ti mismo = know + thyself.* dar a conocer = bring to + the attention, communicate, publicise [publicize, -USA], report, articulate, make + known.* dar Algo a conocer = get + the word out.* no conocer a Alguien de nada = not know + Pronombre + from Adam.* no conocer a Alguien para nada = not know + Pronombre + from Adam.* No importa lo que se conoce, sino a quién se conoce = It's not what you know, but who you know.* quedar mucho por conocer = there + be + a great deal yet to be learned, there + be + still a great deal to be learned.* sin conocer = ignorant of.* tal como lo conocemos = as we know it.* * *conocer [E3 ]■ conocer (verbo transitivo)A1 saber cómo es2 estar familiarizado con3 dominarB saber de la existencia deC1 conocer por primera vez2 aprender cómo es3 dar a conocerD reconocerE experimentarF verbo impersonalG Derecho: una causaH tener trato carnal con■ conocer (verbo intransitivo)A conocer de algoB Derecho: de una causaC conocer: enfermo■ conocerse (verbo pronominal)A1 tener cierta relación con2 conocerse por primera vez3 aprender cómo se esB1 llegar a saber cómo se es2 conocerse a uno mismoC estar familiarizado convtA1 (saber cómo es, tener cierta relación con) to know¿conoces a Juan? — no, mucho gusto do you know o have you met Juan? — no, pleased to meet youno lo conozco de nada I don't know him at all, I don't know him from Adam ( colloq)dijo que te conocía de oídas he said he'd heard of youlo conozco de nombre I know the namete conozco como si te hubiera parido ( fam); I can read you like a bookconoce sus limitaciones he is aware of o he knows his limitationssu generosidad es de todos conocida her generosity is well knowntrabajamos juntos dos años pero nunca llegué a conocerlo we worked together for two years but I never really got to know himconozco muy bien a ese tipo de persona I know that sort of person only too well2 (estar familiarizado con) ‹tema/autor/obra› to know, be familiar with¿conoces su música? are you familiar with o do you know his music?¿conoces Irlanda? do you know o have you been to Ireland?conozco el camino I know the way3(dominar): conoce muy bien su oficio she's very good at her jobconoce tres idiomas a la perfección she's completely fluent in three languages, she speaks three languages fluentlyB (saber de la existencia de) to know, know of¿conoces algún método para quitar estas manchas? do you know (of) any way of getting these stains out?no se conoce ningún remedio there is no known cureno conocía esa faceta de su carácter I didn't know that side of his character¡qué vestido tan bonito, no te lo conocía! what a lovely dress! I've never seen you in it beforeno le conozco ningún vicio he doesn't have any vices as far as I knowconocían sus actividades, pero no había pruebas they knew of o about his activities but there was no proofC1 (por primera vez) ‹persona› to meetquiero que conozcas a mis padres I want you to meet my parents2 (aprender cómo es) ‹persona/ciudad› to get to knowquiere viajar y conocer mundo she wants to travel and see the worldes la mejor manera de conocer la ciudad it's the best way to get to know the cityme encantaría conocer tu país I'd love to visit your countrymás vale malo conocido que bueno por conocer better the devil you know than the devil you don't3dar a conocer ( frml); ‹noticia/resultado› to announce;‹identidad/intenciones› to revealtodavía no se han dado a conocer los resultados the results have still not been announced o releasedestuvo allí pero no se dio a conocer he was there but he didn't tell people who he was o but he didn't make himself knownel libro que lo dio a conocer como poeta the book which established his reputation as a poetD (reconocer) to recognize*te conocí por la voz I recognized your voice, I knew it was you by your voiceE(experimentar): una de las peores crisis que ha conocido el país one of the worst crises the country has knownuna industria que ha conocido un desarrollo desigual an industry which has undergone a period of uneven developmentla primera revolución de las que conocería el siglo veinte the first revolution that the twentieth century was to seeF ( impers)(notar): se conoce que no están en casa they're obviously not at homese conoce que ya llevaba algún tiempo enfermo apparently he'd been ill for some timese conoce que ha estado llorando you can tell o see he's been cryingG ( Derecho) ‹causa/caso› to try■ conocerviA (saber) conocer DE algo to know ABOUT sthconoce del tema she knows about the subjectB ( Der):conocer de or en una causa/un caso to try a caseC«enfermo»: está muy mal, ya no conoce he's in a bad way, he's not recognizing peopleA ( recípr)1 (tener cierta relación con) to know each othernos conocemos desde niños we've known each other since we were childrenya nos conocemos we already know each other, we've already met2 (por primera vez) to meet3 (aprender cómo se es) to get to know each otherB ( refl)1 (llegar a saber cómo se es) to get to know oneself2 (a uno mismo) to know oneself, know what one is likese conoce todas las discotecas de la ciudad he knows every disco in town* * *
conocer ( conjugate conocer) verbo transitivo
1 ‹ persona› to know;
( por primera vez) to meet;
‹ciudad/país› to know;◊ ¿conoces a Juan? do you know/have you met Juan?;
te conocía de oídas he'd heard of you;
lo conozco de nombre I know the name;
conocer a algn de vista to know sb by sight;
es de todos conocido he's well known;
quiero que conozcas a mi novio I want you to meet my boyfriend;
nunca llegué a conocerlo bien I never really got to know him;
¿conoces Irlanda? do you know Ireland? o have you been to Ireland?;
quiere conocer mundo she wants to see the world;
me encantaría conocer tu país I'd love to visit your country
2 (estar familiarizado con, dominar) ‹tema/autor/obra› to know, be familiar with;
‹ lengua› to speak, know
3
◊ conocían sus actividades they knew of o about his activitiesb)
‹identidad/intenciones› to reveal;
intentó no darse a conocer he tried to keep his identity a secret
4 ( reconocer) to recognize( conjugate recognize);
5 ( impers) ( notar):
se conoce que ya llevaba algún tiempo enfermo apparently he'd been ill for some time
verbo intransitivo ( saber) conocer de algo ‹de tema/materia› to know about sth
conocerse verbo pronominal
1 ( recípr) ( tener cierta relación con) to know each other;
( por primera vez) to meet;
( aprender cómo se es) to get to know each other
2 ( refl)
conocer verbo transitivo
1 to know
2 (por primera vez) to meet
3 (reconocer) to recognize
♦ Locuciones: dar a conocer, (hacer público) to make known
darse a conocer, to make one's name
' conocer' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
dar
- dominar
- ensombrecerse
- notoriamente
- paño
- percal
- pormenor
- sacar
- conozca
- dedillo
- desconocer
- malo
- palma
- palmo
- presentar
English:
acquaint
- acquaintance
- announce
- devil
- familiar
- hear of
- know
- meet
- name
- sight
- survey
- acquainted
- come
- disclaim
- fit
- get
- hand
- high
- taste
- wander
* * *♦ vt1. [saber cosas acerca de] to know;conoce la mecánica del automóvil he knows a lot about car mechanics;conoce el ruso a la perfección he's fluent in Russian;conocen todo lo que pasa en el pueblo they know (about) everything that goes on in the village;¿conoces alguna forma más rápida de hacerlo? do you know a quicker way to do it?;no conozco bien este tema I'm not familiar with this subject;Famconoce el tema al dedillo she knows the subject inside out;conocer algo a fondo to know sth well;dieron a conocer la noticia a través de la prensa they announced the news through the press;su segunda película lo dio a conocer o [m5] se dio a conocer con su segunda película como el gran director que es his second movie o Br film achieved recognition for him as the great director that he is;Juan enseguida se dio a conocer a mi amiga Juan immediately introduced himself to my friend;fue, como es de todos conocido, una difícil decisión it was, as everyone knows, a difficult decision;su amabilidad es de todos conocida everyone knows how kind he is, he is well-known for his kindness2. [lugar, país] [descubrir] to get to know, to visit for the first time;[desde hace tiempo] to know;no conozco Rusia I've never been to Russia;me gustaría conocer Australia I'd like to go to o visit Australia;conoce la región como la palma de su mano she knows the region like the back of her hand;a los veinte años se marchó a conocer mundo at the age of twenty he went off to see the world;¿te acompaño? – no hace falta, conozco el camino shall I go with you? – there's no need, I know the way3. [a una persona] [por primera vez] to meet;[desde hace tiempo] to know;¿conoces a mi jefe? do you know o have you met my boss?;lo conocí cuando era niño I first met him when he was a child;lo conozco de cuando íbamos al colegio I know him from school;tienes que conocer a mi hermana I must introduce you to my sister;conocer a alguien a fondo to know sb well;conocer a alguien de nombre to know sb by name;conocer a alguien de oídas to have heard of sb;conocer a alguien de vista to know sb by sight;¿de qué la conoces? how do you know her?;no la conozco de nada I've never met her before, I don't know her at alllo conocí por su forma de andar I recognized him by the way he walked5. [experimentar]ésta es la peor sequía que ha conocido África this is the worst drought Africa has ever had o known;el último conflicto que ha conocido la región the latest conflict witnessed by the region;la empresa ha conocido un crecimiento espectacular the company has seen o experienced spectacular growthhasta los treinta años no conoció varón she had never been with a man until she was thirtyel tribunal que conoce el caso se pronunciará mañana the court trying the case will announce its verdict tomorrow♦ vi1.conocer de [saber] to know about;no te preocupes, que conoce del tema don't worry, he knows (about) the subjectconocer de una causa to try a case;será juzgado por el tribunal que conoce de casos de terrorismo he will be tried by the court that deals with cases relating to terrorism* * *I v/t1 know;dar a conocer make known;4 ( reconocer) recognizeII v/i:conocer de know about* * *conocer {18} vt1) : to know, to be acquainted withya la conocí: I've already met him2) : to meet3) reconocer: to recognize* * *conocer vb¿conoces a Marc? do you know Marc?¿conoces Bilbao? do you know Bilbao? / have you ever been to Bilbao?3. (reconocer) to recognize -
8 منذ
مُنْذُ \ ago: before the present time: 100 years ago; long ago; a short while ago. ever since: always since: I’ve lived here ever since I was born. for: showing the length of time since sth. happened, or from the beginning to the present: I haven’t seen him for two years. We have lived here for six months. since: after; during the period after: I haven’t seen him since Tuesday (I saw him on Tuesday, but not again), from the time when It is a week since he went away. \ مُنْذُ بضْعَة أَيَّام \ the other day: a few days ago: I met your son the other day. \ مُنْذُ ذلك الحين \ since: after; during the period after: I saw him on Tuesday, but I haven’t seen him since. I’ve been thinking about him ever since. \ مُنْذُ عَهْد قريب \ recently: not long ago: I met him recently (within the past few weeks) for the first time. \ مُنْذِر بالرُّعُود (للطّقس) \ thundery: (of weather) showing signs of thunder. -
9 che
1. adj whata che cosa serve? what is that for?che brutta giornata! what a filthy day!2. pron persona: soggetto whopersona: oggetto who, that, formal whomcosa that, whichche? what?ciò che whatnon c'e di che don't mention it, you're welcome3. conj dopo il comparativo thansono tre anni che non la vedo I haven't seen her for three years* * *che1 agg.interr. ( quale) what ( riferito a numero indeterminato di cose o persone); which ( riferito a numero limitato di cose o persone): che libri leggi?, what (kind of) books do you read?; che libro preferisci tra questi?, which book do you like best?; che musica ti piace?, what music do you like?; che tipo è?, what kind of a person is he?; che vestito mi metto stasera?, what shall I wear tonight? // che ora è?, what time is it (o what's the time)?◆ pron.interr. ( che cosa) what: che è questo?, what's this?; che fai?, what are you doing?; che guardi?, what are you looking at?; che hai?, what's the matter with you?; che importa?, why bother about it?; non so che dire, I don't know what to say; che altro ( c'è)?, what else (is there)? // che succede?, what's going on? // che è che non è, all of a sudden // a che ( pro)?, what for (o to what purpose)?che1 agg.escl.1 ( quale, quali) what; (con s. che in inglese ammettono il pl.) what a: che bella giornata!, what a lovely day!; che bella notizia mi hai dato!, what good news you've given me!; che simpatico quel vostro amico!, what a nice person that friend of yours is!; che mascalzone!, what a rascal!; che musica meravigliosa!, what wonderful music!; che seccatura!, what a nuisance!; che pazienza ci è voluta per convincerla!, what a lot of patience it took to persuade her!; che idee!, what ideas!; che ingenui siamo stati!, what fools we were!; che vergogna!, what a disgrace!2 ( come) how: che strano!, how strange!; che bello!, how lovely!◆ pron.escl. ( che cosa) what: che dici!, what are you saying!; guarda che mi doveva capitare!, just look what's happened to me!; che mi tocca sentire!, what's this I hear?; ''Ti sei divertito?'' ''Altro che!'', ''Did you have a good time?'' ''And how!''◆ inter. (fam.) what!: ''Che! Stai scherzando?'', ''What! Are you kidding?''.che1 pron.indef. ( qualcosa) something: le sue parole avevano un che, un non so che di profetico, there was something prophetic about his words // non (un) gran che, ( non molto) not much, not up to much: non ho combinato (un) gran che, I didn't get much done; la commedia non era (un) gran che, the play wasn't up to much.che1 pron.rel.invar.1 (con funzione di sogg.) who, that ( riferito a persone); which, that ( riferito ad animali e cose): il signore che è entrato ora è il nuovo direttore, the man who (o that) has just come in is the new director; il ragazzo che studiava con me ha cambiato scuola, the boy who (o that) studied with me has changed school; l'ultimo che entra chiuda la porta, per favore, will the last one who comes in (o the last one to come in) please shut the door; gli atleti che sono iscritti alla prossima gara si presentino subito alla linea di partenza, the athletes (who are) entered for the next race should report to the starting line at once; non trovo nessuno che sia in grado di risolvere questo problema, I can't find anyone (who is) capable of solving this problem; c'è qualcuno che sa come funziona questa macchina fotografica?, is there anybody that (o who) knows how this camera works?; il cavallo che ha vinto la corsa era il favorito, the horse that (o which) won the race was the favourite; dammi il libro che sta sulla scrivania, give me the book that's on the desk; i volumi che trattano di anatomia sono nell'ultimo scaffale a destra, the books that deal (o the books dealing) with anatomy are on the top shelf, right-hand side; Dante Alighieri, che nacque a Firenze nel 1265, è il massimo poeta italiano, Dante Alighieri, who was born in Florence in 1265, is Italy's greatest poet; la Torre di Londra, che fu costruita da Guglielmo il Conquistatore, è un castello normanno, the Tower of London, which was built by William the Conqueror, is a Norman castle // colui che, coloro che, → colui, coloro // ciò che, what // tutto ciò che, all that2 (con funzione di compl. ogg.; gener. è omesso in inglese) who, (form.) whom, that ( riferito a persone); which, that ( riferito ad animali e cose): sei proprio la persona che volevo vedere, you're the very person (that o who) I wanted to see; avete mangiato tutta la frutta che ho comprato?, have you eaten all the fruit (that) I bought?; eccoti i libri che mi avevi prestato, here are the books (that) you lent me; tutti gli animali che abbiamo citato sono in via di estinzione, all the animals (that) we have mentioned are endangered species; i solisti che abbiamo sentito ieri sera sono famosi in tutto il mondo, the soloists (that) we heard last night are world famous; l'argomento che stiamo per affrontare è della massima importanza, the subject (that) we're about to deal with is of the utmost importance; l'illustre ospite, che abbiamo l'onore di presentarvi, è nientemeno che il Presidente, our distinguished guest, who (m) we are honoured to present to you, is none other than the President; il duomo di Milano, che visiteremo domani, è un capolavoro di architettura gotica, Milan cathedral, which we shall visit tomorrow, is a masterpiece of Gothic architecture ∙ Come si nota dagli esempi, nei significati 1 e 2, quando il pron. che introduce una frase incidentale, viene tradotto con who (m) o which, e non può essere omesso3 (in correl. con stesso, medesimo) as, that: ha dato la stessa risposta che ho dato io, he gave the same answer (as o that) I did; è accaduta la stessa cosa che era accaduta ieri, the same thing happened as (o that) had happened yesterday; incontrerete le stesse difficoltà che abbiamo incontrato noi, you'll meet the same difficulties (as o that) we did4 (fam.) ( col valore di in cui, con cui, per cui): il giorno che arrivò era il 1o di agosto, the day he arrived was 1st August; ricordi l'estate che ci siamo incontrati?, can you remember the summer we met?; l'ultima volta che lo vidi era molto depresso, the last time I saw him he was very depressed; con quello stipendio ha di che vivere agiatamente, he can live comfortably on that salary; non ha proprio di che lamentarsi, he has nothing at all to complain about // non c'è che dire, you only have to say // non c'è di che, ( forma di cortesia) don't mention it // paese che vai usanze che trovi, (prov.) when in Rome (do as the Romans do)5 il che, ( la qual cosa) which: beve come una spugna, il che gli fa male alla salute, he drinks like a fish, which is bad for his health; ha superato la prova, del che ci siamo tutti rallegrati, he passed the test, which delighted us all; cominciò ad alzare la voce, al che gli ordinai di uscire dalla stanza, he started raising his voice, at which I ordered him out of the room; non si sono fatti più vivi, dal che deduco che si sono trasferiti altrove, they haven't shown up any more, from which I presume that they've moved elsewhere // dopo di che, after which, and then; afterwards◆ agg. ( quale) that: da trenta che erano, solo dieci sono arrivati alla fine del corso, out of the original thirty, only ten completed the course; da quel colosso che era, è diventato pelle e ossa, from the giant he was, he has become all skin and bones.che2 cong.dichiarativa1 (dopo verbi che esprimono opinione; in inglese è spesso omessa) that: dicono che la luna sia abitata, they say (that) the moon is inhabited; so che tu cercherai di comprendermi, I know you'll try to understand; sono certo che arriveremo in tempo, I'm sure (that) we'll get there on time2 (dopo verbi di volontà non si traduce e richiede la costruzione oggettiva: compl. ogg. + inf. del verbo): voglio che ( lui) venga immediatamente, I want him to come at once; vuoi che ti accompagni?, do you want me to go with you?; volevano che (io) restassi a cena, they wanted me to stay to dinner; vorrei che mi dicessi come la pensi, I'd like you to tell me what you think // avrei tanto voluto che ci fossi anche tu, I wish you'd been there◆ cong.consecutiva ( spesso in correlazione con così, tanto, tale; in inglese può essere omessa) that: ero così stanco che mi addormentai, I was so tired (that) I fell asleep; c'era una tale nebbia che non si distinguevano le case di fronte, it was so foggy (that) you couldn't see (the houses) across the street◆ cong.compar. than: ha più denaro che cervello, he has more money than sense; è più furbo che intelligente, he's more crafty than intelligent; nell'albergo c'erano più stranieri che italiani, there were more foreigners than Italians in the hotel◆ cong. causale ( in inglese non si traduce): copriti che fa freddo, wrap up warm, it's cold outside◆ cong. finale ( in inglese è spesso omessa) that: bada che non si faccia male, mind he doesn't get hurt; fate in modo che non si accorga di niente, make sure (that) he doesn't notice anything◆ cong.temporale ( quando) when; ( da quando) since, for; ( dopo che) after: arrivai che era già partito, he'd already left when I got there; è da Natale che non abbiamo sue notizie, we haven't heard from him since Christmas; sono due anni che non si vedono, they haven't seen each other for two years // ogni volta che, whenever // una volta che, once: una volta che hai imparato la tecnica, l'uso del computer non è difficile, once you've learnt the technique, it isn't hard to use the computer◆ cong.eccettuativa only, but: non ho che pochi euro, I've only got a few euros; non hai che dirmelo, you only have to tell me; non ho potuto far altro che accettare, I could do nothing but accept; non fa che dire sciocchezze, he talks nothing but nonsense; non potevo fare altrimenti che così, there was nothing else (that) I could do.* * *[ke]1. pron1) (relativo: persona: soggetto) who, (oggetto) whom, that, (cosa, animale) which, that (spesso omesso)i bambini che vedi nel cortile — the children whom o that you see in the yard
il giorno che... — the day (that)...
il libro che è sul tavolo — the book which o that is on the table
2) (la qual cosa) whichdovrei ottenere il massimo dei voti, il che è improbabile — I would have to get top marks, which is unlikely
3)quell'uomo ha un che di losco — there's something suspicious about that mannon so che — an indefinable somethingquel film non era un gran che — that film was nothing special
quella ragazza ha un non so che di affascinante — there's something fascinating about that girl
4) (interrogativo) what2. agg1) (interrogativo) what, (di numero limitato) whichche vestito ti vuoi mettere? — what (o which) dress do you want to put on?
2) escl whatguarda in che stato sei ridotto! — look at the mess you're in!
3. cong1) (con proposizioni subordinate) that (talvolta omesso)nasconditi qui che non ti veda nessuno — hide here, so nobody can see you
so
che tu c'eri — I know (that) you were thereche tu venga — I want you to come2)mi sono svegliato che era ancora buio — it was still dark when I woke upsono anni che non lo vedo — I haven't seen him for o in years, it's years since I saw him
era appena uscita di casa che suonò il telefono — she had no sooner gone out than o she had hardly gone out when the telephone rang
arrivai che eri già partito — you had already left when I arrived
3)(in frasi imperative, in concessive)
che venga pure! — let him come by all means!4)che sia stupido — not that he's stupidche non mi interessi la commedia, è che sono stanco e vorrei andare a letto — it's not that the play doesn't interest me, it's just that I'm tired and I'd like to go to bedche tu venga o no, noi partiamo lo stesso — we're leaving whether you come or not
5) (comparativo: con più, meno) thanè più furbo che intelligente — he's more cunning than intelligent
See:non,più,meno,* * *I 1. [ke]1) (soggetto) (persona) who, that; (cosa, animale di sesso imprecisato) that, whichil cane, che mi aveva riconosciuto, si avvicinò — the dog, which had recognized me, came up
comparve un uomo che portava un cappello — a man appeared, wearing a hat
2) (oggetto) (persona) who, whom form., that; (cosa, animale di sesso imprecisato) that, whichè la donna più bella che (io) abbia mai visto — she's the most beautiful woman (that) I've ever seen
non c'è di che! — (formula di cortesia) you're welcome! don't mention it! (con valore temporale)
l'estate che ci siamo conosciuti — the summer when o in which we met
4) (con avverbi di luogo, di tempo)5) il che (cosa che) which2.aggettivo interrogativo1) (quale) what; (entro un gruppo ristretto) which2) che cosa what3. 4.aggettivo esclamativo5. 6. II [ke]che strano, bello! — how odd, lovely!
1) (dichiarativa) thatè probabile che venga — he is likely to come; (dopo verbi di volontà o comando)
la musica era così forte che... — the music was so loud that
3) (causale)vestiti, che usciamo — get dressed, (because) we're going out
4) (concessiva)non che non fosse contento, ma — he wasn't unhappy, but
5) (finale)6) (temporale)ogni volta che vieni — every time you come; (finché)
7) (imperativa, ottativa)8) (limitativa)non hanno il diritto, che io sappia, di intervenire — they have no right, as far as I know, to intervene
sia che..., sia che... — either...or...
10) (interrogativa)* * *che1/ke/1 (soggetto) (persona) who, that; (cosa, animale di sesso imprecisato) that, which; il cane, che mi aveva riconosciuto, si avvicinò the dog, which had recognized me, came up; e tu che pensavi di risparmiare! you were the one who thought (you were going) to save money! comparve un uomo che portava un cappello a man appeared, wearing a hat; è lui che me lo ha detto it was him who told me; lo sentii che parlava con Marco I heard him speaking to Marco2 (oggetto) (persona) who, whom form., that; (cosa, animale di sesso imprecisato) that, which; è la donna più bella che (io) abbia mai visto she's the most beautiful woman (that) I've ever seen; non mi piace la macchina che hai comprato I don't like the car (that) you've bought; stupido che sei! you silly thing! you fool!3 (complemento indiretto) non ha neanche di che mangiare he doesn't even have enough for food; non c'è di che! (formula di cortesia) you're welcome! don't mention it! (con valore temporale) l'estate che ci siamo conosciuti the summer when o in which we met4 (con avverbi di luogo, di tempo) fu allora che it was then that; è qui che si rilasciano i passaporti? is it here that they issue passports?5 il che (cosa che) which1 (quale) what; (entro un gruppo ristretto) which; di che colore è? what colour is it? che medaglie ha vinto? which medals did he win?2 che cosa what; che cosa fai? what are you doing? che cosa c'è? what's up? che cosa? non ho sentito what? I didn't hear; a che cosa stai pensando? what are you thinking of o about?what; che fai? what are you doing? che dire? what shall I say? che fare? what is to be done? che c'è di nuovo what's new?che strano, bello! how odd, lovely! che uomo! what a man! che coraggio! what courage!ma che mi tocca sentire! what I have to listen to! che! vai già via? what? are you off already?aveva un che di strano there was something weird about him; non ha fatto un gran che he didn't do a great deal.\See also notes... (che.pdf)————————che2/ke/1 (dichiarativa) that; penso che dovrebbe cambiare mestiere I think (that) he should do another job; so che è vero I know it's true; è probabile che venga he is likely to come; (dopo verbi di volontà o comando) papà vuole che andiamo con lui dad wants us to go with him; vorrei che fossi qui I wish you were here2 (consecutiva) in modo che capisca so that he can understand; la musica era così forte che... the music was so loud that...3 (causale) vestiti, che usciamo get dressed, (because) we're going out4 (concessiva) non che non fosse contento, ma he wasn't unhappy, but5 (finale) sta' attento che non cada mind that it doesn't fall6 (temporale) sono dieci anni che ci frequentiamo we've known each other for ten years; ogni volta che vieni every time you come; (finché) aspetto che parta I'm waiting for him to leave7 (imperativa, ottativa) che non se ne parli più let's hear no more about this; che Dio abbia misericordia di noi! (may) God have mercy on us!8 (limitativa) non hanno il diritto, che io sappia, di intervenire they have no right, as far as I know, to intervene9 (correlativa) che venga o no whether he comes or not; sia che..., sia che... either...or...; sia io che mio marito siamo vegetariani both myself and my husband are vegetarians10 (interrogativa) che mi sia ingannato? maybe I got it wrong11 (nelle comparative) è più diligente che dotato he's more diligent than gifted; studio più che posso I study as much as I can. -
10 già
already(ex) formerlygià! of course!* * *già avv.1 already; ( ormai) by now, by then: sono già partiti, they've already left; quando siamo arrivati, il concerto era già cominciato, the concert had already started when we arrived; sono già 10 minuti che aspetto, I've already been waiting 10 minutes; non occorre che tu me lo dica, lo so già, you don't have to tell me, I already know; purtroppo l'estate è già finita, summer's already over, I'm afraid; erano già in atto i lavori di restauro, restoration work was already in progress; quando lo portarono all'ospedale era già troppo tardi, by the time they got him to hospital, it was (already) too late; domani a quest'ora sarò già a New York, by this time tomorrow I'll (already) be in New York; a quell'epoca avrà già dato l'esame, he'll have (already) taken the exam by that time (o by then); avrebbe già dovuto andare in pensione, he should have retired by now // In frasi esclamative o interrogative: sono già le dieci!, it's already ten o'clock!; siamo già a Natale!, it's Christmas already!; ( siete) già di ritorno?, (are you) back already?; è già ora di partire?, is it already time to leave?; sei (di) già qui?, (are you) here already?; ''Mi dispiace, ma devo andare'' ''Di già?'', ''I'm sorry, but I'll have to go'' ''What, already?''2 ( prima d'ora, prima di allora) before; already; ( solo in frasi interrogative) yet: te l'ho già detto ( varie volte), I've told you (several times) before; ci eravamo già incontrati, we had already met (o we'd met before); sono certo di averlo già visto da qualche parte, I'm sure I've seen him before somewhere; ''Sei già stato a Parigi?'' ''Sì, ci sono stato tre mesi fa'', ''Have you been to Paris yet?'' ''Yes, I was there three months ago''; avevate già viaggiato in aereo?, had you flown before?; è già venuto il medico?, has the doctor been yet?; avete già deciso per le vacanze?, have you decided where you're going for your holidays yet?; hai già visto quel film?, have you seen that film yet?; ''Sono già partiti?'' ''Non ancora'', ''Have they left yet?'' ''No, they haven't''3 ( un tempo) once; ( precedentemente) formerly: la Torre di Londra, già castello normanno, poi prigione di stato, è oggi un museo, the Tower of London, once a Norman castle, then a state prison, is now a museum; Reagan, già presidente degli Stati Uniti, Reagan, formerly American president; il ministro delle finanze, già ministro dell'agricoltura, the finance minister, formerly minister of agriculture; Viale Tunisia, già Viale Regina Elena, Viale Tunisia, formerly Viale Regina Elena // fu già, visse già un re..., there was once a King...4 ( fin da questo, da quel momento) (ever) since, from: già da bambino mostrava attitudine per il disegno, he had shown drawing ability ever since he was a child; già in epoca romana sorgeva qui una stazione termale, there has been a spa here ever since Roman times; potete fermarvi qui già da stasera, you can stay here right from tonight; può cominciare a lavorare già da oggi, you can start work right from today5 ( con valore di affermazione o constatazione) yes; of course; that's right: ''é quello il nuovo direttore?'' ''Già'', ''Is that the new manager?'' ''Yes, that's right''; già (già), è vero, non ci avevo pensato!, of course, I hadn't thought of that!; eh già, dovevo immaginarmelo!, of course, I should have guessed!; ''Come vedi, avevo ragione io'' ''Già, tu non sbagli mai!'', ''You see, I was right'' ''Yes, you're never wrong, are you?'' // non già che non lo avessero avvertito, not that he hadn't been warned◆ cong.: già che → giacché.* * *[dʒa]1) (fin da questo momento) alreadyè già tardi — it is already late, it's late already
sarebbe già sposata, se solo l'avesse voluto — she could have been married by now if she'd wanted
2) (nelle frasi interrogative) yet; (per esprimere stupore, sorpresa) already3) (in precedenza) before, alreadyte l'ho già detto — I told you before, I've already told you
Via Roma, già Via della Libertà — Via Roma, formerly Via della Libertà
il deputato, già ministro — the current MP and former minister
si è scusato, è già qualcosa — at least he apologized, that's something
ah già! — oh, yes! of course!
"è lui il tuo medico?" - "già" — "is he your doctor?" - "yes, that's right"
6) già che••Note:Ci sono tre modi principali per tradurre già in inglese: already, yet e before. - In frase affermativa, si usa solitamente already: già le 10, siamo in ritardo! = 10 o'clock already, we're late!; è inutile continuare, ha già vinto lui = there's no point in going on, he has already won; ne conoscevo già il significato = I already knew its meaning. - In frase interrogativa, già si traduce con yet se quello che è già capitato era previsto o prevedibile, e con already per esprimere stupore o sorpresa; così, un esempio come avete già finito? si rende con "have you finished yet?" se si chiede semplicemente un'informazione, oppure con "have you finished already?" se si constata la conclusione di un lavoro e ciò crea sorpresa. Esempi in frase interrogativa indiretta sono chiedi a tua moglie se è già pronta = ask your wife if she is ready yet, e mi domando se sono già arrivati = I wonder if they are there yet. - Quando già indica ripetizione di quanto è avvenuto in precedenza, nel passato, si può usare before al posto di already: te l'ho già detto = I've told you before (oppure: I've already told you). - Gli esempi mostrano le diverse possibili posizioni di questi avverbi inglesi: already può stare in fondo alla frase, seguire l'ausiliare se il verbo è composto, ma precede il verbo (ad eccezione di to be) se questo è in forma semplice; yet e before stanno solitamente in fondo alla frase. - Va infine notato che already e yet sono spesso usati con il passato semplice nell'inglese americano, e quest'uso si sta diffondendo anche nell'inglese britannico: gli ho già parlato = I already spoke to him; hai già mangiato? = did you eat yet? (ma l'uso britannico standard prevede ancora "I've already spoken to him" e "have you eaten yet?")* * *già/dʒa/Ci sono tre modi principali per tradurre già in inglese: already, yet e before. - In frase affermativa, si usa solitamente already: già le 10, siamo in ritardo! = 10 o'clock already, we're late!; è inutile continuare, ha già vinto lui = there's no point in going on, he has already won; ne conoscevo già il significato = I already knew its meaning. - In frase interrogativa, già si traduce con yet se quello che è già capitato era previsto o prevedibile, e con already per esprimere stupore o sorpresa; così, un esempio come avete già finito? si rende con "have you finished yet?" se si chiede semplicemente un'informazione, oppure con "have you finished already?" se si constata la conclusione di un lavoro e ciò crea sorpresa. Esempi in frase interrogativa indiretta sono chiedi a tua moglie se è già pronta = ask your wife if she is ready yet, e mi domando se sono già arrivati = I wonder if they are there yet. - Quando già indica ripetizione di quanto è avvenuto in precedenza, nel passato, si può usare before al posto di already: te l'ho già detto = I've told you before (oppure: I've already told you). - Gli esempi mostrano le diverse possibili posizioni di questi avverbi inglesi: already può stare in fondo alla frase, seguire l'ausiliare se il verbo è composto, ma precede il verbo (ad eccezione di to be) se questo è in forma semplice; yet e before stanno solitamente in fondo alla frase. - Va infine notato che already e yet sono spesso usati con il passato semplice nell'inglese americano, e quest'uso si sta diffondendo anche nell'inglese britannico: gli ho già parlato = I already spoke to him; hai già mangiato? = did you eat yet? (ma l'uso britannico standard prevede ancora "I've already spoken to him" e "have you eaten yet?").1 (fin da questo momento) already; è già tardi it is already late, it's late already; già a tre anni sapeva leggere he could already read by the age of three; sarebbe già sposata, se solo l'avesse voluto she could have been married by now if she'd wanted2 (nelle frasi interrogative) yet; (per esprimere stupore, sorpresa) already; è già alzato? is he up yet? già di ritorno? sono solo le dieci! back already? it's only ten o'clock!3 (in precedenza) before, already; te l'ho già detto I told you before, I've already told you; Via Roma, già Via della Libertà Via Roma, formerly Via della Libertà; il deputato, già ministro the current MP and former minister4 (rafforzativo) è già un buon stipendio! that's a pretty good salary! si è scusato, è già qualcosa at least he apologized, that's something; ho già abbastanza problemi così! I've got quite enough problems as it is! so già come va a finire I've heard it all before; ah già! oh, yes! of course! di già already5 (come affermazione) "è lui il tuo medico?" - "già" "is he your doctor?" - "yes, that's right"6 già che già che ci sei since you are at it. -
11 entonces
adv.then.si no te gusta, entonces no vayas if you don't like it, then don't gosi no ha llegado, entonces tiene que estar en la oficina if he hasn't arrived yet, then he must still be at the officeel entonces primer ministro the then prime ministerdesde entonces since thenen o por aquel entonces at that timeentonces, ¿vienes o no? are you coming or not, then?intj.1 so, so then, then, well then.2 and then, and so.* * *► adverbio1 (en aquel momento) then2 (en tal caso) so, then\de entonces in those days, of that timedesde entonces since thenen aquel entonces at that timepor (aquel) entonces at that time* * *adv.* * *ADV1) [uso temporal] then, at that timefue entonces que... — it was then that..., that was when...
2) [uso concesivo] so, thenentonces, ¿qué hacemos? — so, what shall we do?, what shall we do then?
¿entonces cómo que no viniste? — then o so why didn't you come?
¡y entonces! — Caribe, Cono Sur why of course!
* * *1) ( en aquel momento) thenpor or en aquel entonces — in those days
2)a) ( introduciendo conclusiones) so¿entonces vienes o te quedas? — so are you coming with us or staying here?
¿él se enteró? - no - ¿entonces? — did he find out? - no - so o well then, what's the problem?
b) ( uso expletivo) well, anywayentonces, como te iba diciendo... — well o anyway, as I was saying...
* * *= then, at this, about this time.Ex. An exposure to ammonia gas destroys the unexposed dye, and the picture can then be taken out into the light and examined.Ex. At this the Queen wept and wailed; but being a clever woman she thought out a plan whereby to save her son.Ex. About this time several of the old crones of the tribe offered their ribald advice on how the new couple should conduct themselves off in the forest together.----* a partir de entonces = from this time on, hereafter, thereafter, whereafter, from then on, thenceforth, henceforth, from that moment on.* aun entonces = even then.* de aquel entonces = of that day.* de entonces = of the day.* desde aquel entonces = thenceforth.* desde entonces = ever since, henceforth, in the interim, since, since that time, since then, henceforward, thenceforth, in the intervening years, ever after, in the intervening period, since that day.* desde entonces hasta la actualidad = from then to the present day.* el entonces + Nombre = the then + Nombre.* en aquel entonces = at the time, the then + Nombre, by this time, at that time, in the course of events, during the course of events, back then, in those days.* entonces al igual que ahora = then as now.* hasta aquel entonces = until that time.* hasta entonces = hitherto, up till then, until that time, until then, till then.* incluso entonces = even then.* justo entonces = immediately.* para aquel entonces = by then.* para entonces = by then.* por aquel entonces = at the time, about that time, by this time.* quién iba a decir entonces que... = little did + Verbo + then that....* si se parece a un pato, anda como un pato y grazna como un pato, en = If it looks like a duck, walks like a duck, and quacks like a duck, then it must be a duck.* * *1) ( en aquel momento) thenpor or en aquel entonces — in those days
2)a) ( introduciendo conclusiones) so¿entonces vienes o te quedas? — so are you coming with us or staying here?
¿él se enteró? - no - ¿entonces? — did he find out? - no - so o well then, what's the problem?
b) ( uso expletivo) well, anywayentonces, como te iba diciendo... — well o anyway, as I was saying...
* * *= then, at this, about this time.Ex: An exposure to ammonia gas destroys the unexposed dye, and the picture can then be taken out into the light and examined.
Ex: At this the Queen wept and wailed; but being a clever woman she thought out a plan whereby to save her son.Ex: About this time several of the old crones of the tribe offered their ribald advice on how the new couple should conduct themselves off in the forest together.* a partir de entonces = from this time on, hereafter, thereafter, whereafter, from then on, thenceforth, henceforth, from that moment on.* aun entonces = even then.* de aquel entonces = of that day.* de entonces = of the day.* desde aquel entonces = thenceforth.* desde entonces = ever since, henceforth, in the interim, since, since that time, since then, henceforward, thenceforth, in the intervening years, ever after, in the intervening period, since that day.* desde entonces hasta la actualidad = from then to the present day.* el entonces + Nombre = the then + Nombre.* en aquel entonces = at the time, the then + Nombre, by this time, at that time, in the course of events, during the course of events, back then, in those days.* entonces al igual que ahora = then as now.* hasta aquel entonces = until that time.* hasta entonces = hitherto, up till then, until that time, until then, till then.* incluso entonces = even then.* justo entonces = immediately.* para aquel entonces = by then.* para entonces = by then.* por aquel entonces = at the time, about that time, by this time.* quién iba a decir entonces que... = little did + Verbo + then that....* si se parece a un pato, anda como un pato y grazna como un pato, en = If it looks like a duck, walks like a duck, and quacks like a duck, then it must be a duck.* * *A1 (en aquel momento) thenno los veo desde entonces I haven't seen them since (then)para entonces ya nadie se acordaba de él by then o by that time nobody remembered himel entonces presidente the then president, the president at that time2 (en aquellos tiempos) then, in those dayspor or en aquel entonces in those days3 (a continuación) thense acercó y entonces me reconoció he came closer and then he recognized meB1 (introduciendo conclusiones) thensi no es así, entonces él me mintió if that's not right, then he lied to me¿entonces vienes o te quedas? are you coming with us or staying here then?, so are you coming with us or staying here?¿él se enteró? — no — ¿entonces? did he find out? — no — so o well then, what's the problem?2 (uso expletivo) well, anywayentonces, como te iba diciendo … well o anyway, as I was saying …* * *
entonces adverbio
1 ( en aquel momento) then;
por or en aquel entonces in those days
2
◊ ¿entonces vienes o te quedas? so are you coming with us or staying here?
◊ entonces, como te iba diciendo … well o anyway, as I was saying …
entonces
I adverbio then: entonces íbamos mucho a la playa, at that time we very often used to go to the beach
entonces nos vemos mañana, we'll meet tomorrow then
hasta entonces, manténme informado, keep me informed until then
II conj then: si no les queda en blanco, entonces cógelo en azul, if there isn't any white left, then take the blue one
♦ Locuciones: por aquel entonces/en aquel entonces, in those days: por aquel entonces tú aún no habías nacido, you still hadn't been born at that time
' entonces' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
bochinche
- hasta
- hipnótica
- hipnótico
- irse
- llover
- para
- partir
- preferir
- pues
- tarde
- venir
- ya
- desde
- novedad
English:
intro
- now
- since
- so
- then
- thenceforth
- thereafter
- well
- zenith
- any
- ever
- gone
- there
- way
- when
- which
* * *entonces adv1. [en ese instante] then;entonces abrí la puerta y salí corriendo then I opened the door and ran out;esperaremos a que se apaguen las luces y entonces salimos we'll wait until the lights go out and then (we'll) leave2. [en esa época] then;entonces yo vivía en Manchester I was living in Manchester at the time;el entonces primer ministro the then prime minister;de entonces of the time, at that time;los periódicos de entonces the newspapers at that time o in those days;desde entonces since then;desde entonces vengo teniendo pesadillas ever since then I've had nightmares;desde entonces son enemigos they have been enemies ever since;en aquel entonces at that time;en aquel entonces nos conocimos we met at that time;hasta entonces until then;hasta entonces, devolvemos la conexión until then, it's back to the studio;para entonces by then;esperan que para entonces las obras estén finalizadas they hope the roadworks will be finished by then;por (aquel) entonces at that time;por (aquel) entonces estaba soltera she was single at the time3. [después] then;¿una bici?, primero aprueba el curso y entonces hablamos a bike? first pass the course and then we'll talk4. [introduciendo conclusión] then;entonces ella es la culpable so she's to blame, then;si no ha llegado, entonces tiene que estar en la oficina if he hasn't arrived yet, then he must still be at the office;si no te gusta, entonces no vayas if you don't like it, then don't go;entonces, ¿vienes o no? are you coming or not, then?;pero entonces, ¿quién lo hizo? well, who did it, then?* * *adv then;desde entonces since, since then;por entonces, en aquel entonces in those days, at that time;hasta entonces until then;¡pues entonces …! then …!;* * *entonces adv1) : then2)desde entonces : since then3)en aquel entonces : in those days* * *entonces adv thenme voy, entonces I'll be off, then -
12 lange
f; -, -n1. length (auch zeitlich); (Größe) height; 20 Meter in der Länge, mit einer Länge von 20 Metern 20 met|res (Am. -ers) long ( oder in length), with a length of 20 met|res (Am. -ers); der Länge nach lengthwise; der Länge nach hinfallen fall flat on one’s face, go sprawling; in seiner vollen Länge senden etc. broadcast etc. in full; in die Länge ziehen fig. draw ( oder drag) out; (Erzählung) spin out; sich in die Länge ziehen drag on; auf die Länge umg. in the long run2. SPORT length; mit einer Länge gewinnen win by a length; um Längen gewinnen win by a mile; um Längen geschlagen werden be beaten out of sight3. (langweilige Stelle) longueur; der Film hatte Längen the film ( Am auch movie) had its dull patches5. GEOG., ASTRON., MATH. longitude; auf oder unter 10 Grad westlicher Länge liegen have a longitude of 10 degrees West, lie at 10 degrees West longitude* * *die Längelongitude; footage; tallness; length* * *lạn|ge I ['laŋə] (S Ger) [laŋ] (Aus)adv['lɛŋɐ] comp - er ['lɛŋɐ] ['lɛŋstə] superl am lä\#ngsten ['lɛŋstn]die Sitzung hat heute lange/nicht lange gedauert — the meeting went on (for) a long time/didn't go on (for) long today
wie lange lernst du schon Deutsch/bist du schon hier? — how long have you been learning German (for)/been here (for)?
es ist noch gar nicht lange her, dass wir diese Frage diskutiert haben — we discussed this question not long ago, it's not long since we discussed this question
er wird es nicht mehr lange machen (inf) — he won't last long, he's not got long to go
bis Weihnachten ist es ja noch lange hin — it's still a long time till Christmas, we're a long way from Christmas
lange nicht gesehen (inf) — long time no see (inf)
je länger, je lieber — the more the better; (zeitlich) the longer the better
2) (inf = längst)noch lange nicht — not by any means, not by a long chalk (Brit inf) or shot
lange nicht so... — nowhere near as..., not nearly as...
er verdient lange nicht so viel — he doesn't earn nearly as much, he doesn't earn anywhere near as much
II [laŋ]wenn er das schafft, kannst du das schon lange — if he can do it, you can do it easily
1. adj comp - er['lɛŋɐ] superl ['lɛŋɐ] -ste(r, s) ['lɛŋstə]1) long['lɛŋstn]; Film, Roman, Aufenthalt, Rede long, lengthydas war seit Langem geplant — it was planned a long time ago
in nicht allzu langeer Zeit — before too or very long, in the not too distant future
etw länger machen — to make sth longer, to lengthen sth
es ist eine langee Strecke bis Bristol, jedenfalls länger, als ich gedacht hatte — it's a long way to Bristol, at least, further than I thought
die Tage werden wieder länger — the days are drawing out, the days are getting longer
er machte ein langees Gesicht — his face fell
des Langen und Breiten — at great length
See:2) (inf = groß gewachsen) Mensch talleine langee Latte sein, ein langeer Lulatsch sein, ein langees Elend or Ende sein — to be a (real) beanpole (inf)
2. adv comp -er, superl am -stender lange ersehnte Tag/Urlaub — the longed-for day/holiday (esp Brit) or vacation (US)
lange gestreckt — long; Dorf auch strung-out
lange gezogen (Ton, Schrei) — long-drawn-out; Kurve long
nur einen Augenblick lange — only for a moment or second
mein ganzes Leben lange — all my life, my whole life
See:→ auch lange, entlang* * *die1) (the distance from one end to the other of an object, period of time etc: What is the length of your car?; Please note down the length of time it takes you to do this.) length2) (in racing, the measurement from end to end of a horse, boat etc: He won by a length; The other boat is several lengths in front.) length* * *Län·ge<-, -n>[ˈlɛŋə]f1. (räumliche Ausdehnung) lengthin die \Länge wachsen to shoot upauf eine \Länge von etw dat for sthdie Autobahn war auf eine \Länge von 45 Kilometern blockiert the motorway was blocked for 45 kilometresder \Länge nach lengthways, lengthwise; (in ganzer Länge) flat on one's facedie Frau fiel der \Länge nach hin the woman fell flat on her facedas Regal stürzte der \Länge nach zu Boden the shelf fell flat on the floorvon bestimmter \Länge of a certain lengthich benötige Pfähle von drei Metern \Länge I need posts three metres in length2. (zeitliche Ausdehnung) length, durationin voller \Länge in its entiretyetw in die \Länge ziehen to drag out sth seper zog das Gespräch in die \Länge he dragged the conversation outdie Verhandlungen zogen sich in die \Länge the negotiations dragged onwas hast du eigentlich für eine \Länge? how tall are you?6. (Abstand vom Nullmeridian) longitudedie Insel liegt 38° östlicher \Länge the longitudinal position of the island is 38° east* * *länger, am längsten Adverb1) a long timelange schlafen/arbeiten — sleep/work late
es ist noch gar nicht lange her, dass ich ihn gesehen habe — it's not long since I saw him; I saw him not long ago
sie wird es nicht mehr lange machen — (ugs.) she won't last much longer; s. auch länger 3.
2) (bei weitem)das ist [noch] lange nicht alles — that's not all by any means; that's not all, not by a long chalk or shot (coll.)
* * *1. zeitlich: for a long time;nicht lange darauf not long after(ward[s]);er braucht immer lange it always takes him a while; pej he’s very slow;das ist schon lange her that was a long time ago;es ist schon lange her, dass it’s been a long time since, umg it’s ages since;wie lange lernen Sie schon Englisch? how long have you been learning English?;so lange wie as long as;so lange bis till, until;da kannst du lange warten umg you can wait till the cows come home;du brauchst nicht lange zu fragen you don’t need to ask;er fragte nicht erst lange he didn’t stop to ask2. verstärkend:(noch) lange nicht fertig/gut genug etc not nearly ready/good enough etc;ist er fertig? - noch lange nicht umg has he finished? - nowhere near ( oder nothing like, iron you must be joking);das ist noch lange kein Grund, um aufzugeben that’s absolutely no reason for giving up, that certainly doesn’t mean you’ve got to give up;deswegen brauchst du dir noch lange nichts einzubilden you mustn’t go getting any ideas just because of that, don’t imagine that’s anything at all special* * *länger, am längsten Adverb1) a long timelange schlafen/arbeiten — sleep/work late
es ist noch gar nicht lange her, dass ich ihn gesehen habe — it's not long since I saw him; I saw him not long ago
sie wird es nicht mehr lange machen — (ugs.) she won't last much longer; s. auch länger 3.
2) (bei weitem)das ist [noch] lange nicht alles — that's not all by any means; that's not all, not by a long chalk or shot (coll.)
* * *-n f.footage n.length n.longitude n.tallness n. -
13 Länge
f; -, -n1. length (auch zeitlich); (Größe) height; 20 Meter in der Länge, mit einer Länge von 20 Metern 20 met|res (Am. -ers) long ( oder in length), with a length of 20 met|res (Am. -ers); der Länge nach lengthwise; der Länge nach hinfallen fall flat on one’s face, go sprawling; in seiner vollen Länge senden etc. broadcast etc. in full; in die Länge ziehen fig. draw ( oder drag) out; (Erzählung) spin out; sich in die Länge ziehen drag on; auf die Länge umg. in the long run2. SPORT length; mit einer Länge gewinnen win by a length; um Längen gewinnen win by a mile; um Längen geschlagen werden be beaten out of sight3. (langweilige Stelle) longueur; der Film hatte Längen the film ( Am auch movie) had its dull patches5. GEOG., ASTRON., MATH. longitude; auf oder unter 10 Grad westlicher Länge liegen have a longitude of 10 degrees West, lie at 10 degrees West longitude* * *die Längelongitude; footage; tallness; length* * *lạn|ge I ['laŋə] (S Ger) [laŋ] (Aus)adv['lɛŋɐ] comp - er ['lɛŋɐ] ['lɛŋstə] superl am lä\#ngsten ['lɛŋstn]die Sitzung hat heute lange/nicht lange gedauert — the meeting went on (for) a long time/didn't go on (for) long today
wie lange lernst du schon Deutsch/bist du schon hier? — how long have you been learning German (for)/been here (for)?
es ist noch gar nicht lange her, dass wir diese Frage diskutiert haben — we discussed this question not long ago, it's not long since we discussed this question
er wird es nicht mehr lange machen (inf) — he won't last long, he's not got long to go
bis Weihnachten ist es ja noch lange hin — it's still a long time till Christmas, we're a long way from Christmas
lange nicht gesehen (inf) — long time no see (inf)
je länger, je lieber — the more the better; (zeitlich) the longer the better
2) (inf = längst)noch lange nicht — not by any means, not by a long chalk (Brit inf) or shot
lange nicht so... — nowhere near as..., not nearly as...
er verdient lange nicht so viel — he doesn't earn nearly as much, he doesn't earn anywhere near as much
II [laŋ]wenn er das schafft, kannst du das schon lange — if he can do it, you can do it easily
1. adj comp - er['lɛŋɐ] superl ['lɛŋɐ] -ste(r, s) ['lɛŋstə]1) long['lɛŋstn]; Film, Roman, Aufenthalt, Rede long, lengthydas war seit Langem geplant — it was planned a long time ago
in nicht allzu langeer Zeit — before too or very long, in the not too distant future
etw länger machen — to make sth longer, to lengthen sth
es ist eine langee Strecke bis Bristol, jedenfalls länger, als ich gedacht hatte — it's a long way to Bristol, at least, further than I thought
die Tage werden wieder länger — the days are drawing out, the days are getting longer
er machte ein langees Gesicht — his face fell
des Langen und Breiten — at great length
See:2) (inf = groß gewachsen) Mensch talleine langee Latte sein, ein langeer Lulatsch sein, ein langees Elend or Ende sein — to be a (real) beanpole (inf)
2. adv comp -er, superl am -stender lange ersehnte Tag/Urlaub — the longed-for day/holiday (esp Brit) or vacation (US)
lange gestreckt — long; Dorf auch strung-out
lange gezogen (Ton, Schrei) — long-drawn-out; Kurve long
nur einen Augenblick lange — only for a moment or second
mein ganzes Leben lange — all my life, my whole life
See:→ auch lange, entlang* * *die1) (the distance from one end to the other of an object, period of time etc: What is the length of your car?; Please note down the length of time it takes you to do this.) length2) (in racing, the measurement from end to end of a horse, boat etc: He won by a length; The other boat is several lengths in front.) length* * *Län·ge<-, -n>[ˈlɛŋə]f1. (räumliche Ausdehnung) lengthin die \Länge wachsen to shoot upauf eine \Länge von etw dat for sthdie Autobahn war auf eine \Länge von 45 Kilometern blockiert the motorway was blocked for 45 kilometresder \Länge nach lengthways, lengthwise; (in ganzer Länge) flat on one's facedie Frau fiel der \Länge nach hin the woman fell flat on her facedas Regal stürzte der \Länge nach zu Boden the shelf fell flat on the floorvon bestimmter \Länge of a certain lengthich benötige Pfähle von drei Metern \Länge I need posts three metres in length2. (zeitliche Ausdehnung) length, durationin voller \Länge in its entiretyetw in die \Länge ziehen to drag out sth seper zog das Gespräch in die \Länge he dragged the conversation outdie Verhandlungen zogen sich in die \Länge the negotiations dragged onwas hast du eigentlich für eine \Länge? how tall are you?6. (Abstand vom Nullmeridian) longitudedie Insel liegt 38° östlicher \Länge the longitudinal position of the island is 38° east* * *länger, am längsten Adverb1) a long timelange schlafen/arbeiten — sleep/work late
es ist noch gar nicht lange her, dass ich ihn gesehen habe — it's not long since I saw him; I saw him not long ago
sie wird es nicht mehr lange machen — (ugs.) she won't last much longer; s. auch länger 3.
2) (bei weitem)das ist [noch] lange nicht alles — that's not all by any means; that's not all, not by a long chalk or shot (coll.)
* * *20 Meter in der Länge, mit einer Länge von 20 Metern 20 metres (US -ers) long ( oder in length), with a length of 20 metres (US -ers);der Länge nach lengthwise;der Länge nach hinfallen fall flat on one’s face, go sprawling;sich in die Länge ziehen drag on;auf die Länge umg in the long run2. SPORT length;mit einer Länge gewinnen win by a length;um Längen gewinnen win by a mile;um Längen geschlagen werden be beaten out of sight3. (langweilige Stelle) longueur;der Film hatte Längen the film ( Am auch movie) had its dull patches5. GEOG, ASTRON, MATH longitude;unter 10 Grad westlicher Länge liegen have a longitude of 10 degrees West, lie at 10 degrees West longitude* * *länger, am längsten Adverb1) a long timelange schlafen/arbeiten — sleep/work late
es ist noch gar nicht lange her, dass ich ihn gesehen habe — it's not long since I saw him; I saw him not long ago
sie wird es nicht mehr lange machen — (ugs.) she won't last much longer; s. auch länger 3.
2) (bei weitem)das ist [noch] lange nicht alles — that's not all by any means; that's not all, not by a long chalk or shot (coll.)
* * *-n f.footage n.length n.longitude n.tallness n. -
14 من
مِن \ by: (showing how sth. is done): We hold things by the handle. We know people by name. We learn by experience. We earn money by working. from: showing the time that sth. started: I waited from six o’clock till eight, showing where sth. began or was obtained Are men descended from monkeys? He read aloud from the newspaper, showing cause He suffered from stomach pains, showing the lower limit of costs, numbers, etc. New bicycles cost from $60 to $90 each, showing a change The price rose from 20 pence to 25 pence, showing difference I don’t know one from the other, showing the place that one has left He arrived from Glasgow. of: (after a noun) showing contents, amount, kind, etc.: a cup of coffee (a cup that contains coffee); a cupful of coffee (enough coffee to fill a cup); a pound of sugar (sugar that weighs a pound); a piece of bread (not a whole loaf), (after an adj. or verb) concerning; about: I’m sure of it. She’s afraid of mice, (after a verb) showing a cause He died of hunger, (after an adj.) showing who did sth. and how he did it It was kind of your father to invite me (Your father was kind...), (after a participle) showing how sth. is formed a dress made of silk. than: used in comparing two objects; here the second subject and verb are always left out: I like you better than him (I like you better than I like him), used in comparing two subjects; it is better to put in the second verb, although some writers leave it out He is taller than I (am). He runs faster than I (do). \ مِن أَجْل \ because of: as a result of: Because of his illness, he could not travel. for: because of: He jumped for joy. She was sent to prison for stealing. for sb. to do sth.: that sb. should do sth.: I’m anxious for him to pass his exams. sake, for the sake of, for sb.’s sake: for the desire of: Why ruin your health for the sake of a little pleasure?, for the good of; so as to help: Soldiers die for the sake of their county (or for their country’s sake). Don’t take any risks for my sake. towards: as a help to: He gave me $5 towards the cost of my bicycle. \ مِن أَجْل ذلك \ hence: (often with no verb) for this reason: My car broke down; hence my late arrival. \ مِن أحدث طِراز \ up to date: up to the present moment; modern; knowing or showing the latest facts: Give me an up-to-date report on political events in South America. \ مِن أَصْل \ out: from among: Ten out of the twenty people were late. \ مِن الأَفْضَل \ preferably: if possible: Any day suits me, but preferably not Sunday. \ مِن الأَفْضَل \ had better: would be wise to: You had better try again tomorrow. \ See Also الأَجْدى لِـ \ مِن الآن \ hence: from now: A week hence I shall be in Rome. \ مِن... إلى \ from... to...: (without a or the) showing passage of time, distance in space, or repeated action: He visits me from time to time. He went from house to house in search of work. \ مِن آن إلى آخر \ every now and again, every now and then: again and again, but with no regular space between. \ مِن الآن فَصَاعِدًا \ henceforth, henceforward: from now on; in future. on: onwards: From now on I shall be more careful. \ مِن البداية إلى النهاية \ through: passing from one side or place to another; making a continuous journey: a through train. \ مِن بَعْدُ \ since: after; during the period after: I saw him on Tuesday, but I haven’t seen him since. I’ve been thinking about him ever since. \ مِن بَعيد \ from afar: from a great distance. \ مِن بَين \ out of: from among: Ten out of the twenty people were late. \ مِن ثَمَّ \ subsequently: afterwards: He became ill in the winter, and subsequently died. \ مِن جَانِبٍ إِلَى آخر \ across: form one side to the other: Run across before a car comes. The river is half a mile across. over: so that a different side is upwards: Turn the page over. Roll the body over. \ مِن جَديد \ afresh: again; making a new beginning: Tear up this page and start afresh. \ مِن جَمِيع الجهَات \ around: on all sides (of); round; here and there: The boys were running around. A crowd gathered around me. \ مِن جَمِيع الوُجوه تقريبًا \ to all intents and purposes: in regard to all that matters: To all intents and purposes, the work is finished (though a few unimportant points remain to be dealt with). \ مِن جِهة \ in respect of, with respect to, respecting: concerning: a bill in respect of car repairs. on the part of: in the case of; so far as sb. is concerned: There was no mistake on her part (If there was a mistake, it was not hers). \ مِن جهة ومِن الجهة الأخرى \ on the one hand, on the other hand: comparing opposite facts or ideas; the first phrase is often left out: (On the one hand) you can live more cheaply in the country; on the other hand, work is harder to find there. \ مِن الحديد \ iron: made of iron; as strong as iron: an iron bar; an iron will. \ مِن حُسن التوفيق \ happily: fortunately: Happily, he was not hurt in the accident. a good job: a fortunate thing: It’s a good job that you crossed before the bridge fell. fortunately: adv. as the result of good fortune: He fell down but fortunately did not hurt himself. \ See Also لحسن الحظ (لِحُسْنِ الحَظّ) \ مِن حَوْل \ around: on all sides (of); round; here and there: The boys were running around. A crowd gathered around me. \ مِن حَيْثُ شَخْصُهُ \ personally: as a person (in regard to character); socially: I like him personally, but I dislike his political ideas. \ مِن حِين لآخَر \ occasional: happening sometimes, but not regularly: We had an occasional quarrel. now and again, now and then: sometimes. \ مِن خِلال \ through: from one side to the other; from one end to the other: He drove a nail through (the board). A river ran through (the town). Water runs through pipes. I looked through the window, but I couldn’t see far through the mist. I read through my notes. \ مِن الدرجة الأولى \ first-class, first-rate: of the best quality: He is a first-class photographer. \ مِن سُخْرِية الأقدار \ ironic(al): (of events) like a cruel joke: It was ironical that she should break her leg just when she had at last got a job as a dancer. \ مِنَ الشرق \ eastern: belonging to the east. \ مِن صُنْعِ اليَد \ hand-made: made by hand, not by a machine: Hand-made shoes. \ مِن الضروريّ أن كما \ must: (p.t.. had to, neg.. needn’t, don’t/didn’t need to; don’t/didn’t have to) need to: You must go now, mustn’t you? Yes, I must. No, I needn’t go yet. \ مِن الطبيعيّ \ it goes without saying (that): naturally; of course: The invitation was sent to me; but it goes without saying that my wife is included. \ مِن الطراز القديم \ old-fashioned: (of people) holding on to old ideas and customs; (of things) not modern; no longer used. \ مِن طَرَف لآخر \ through: passing from one side or place to another; making a continuous journey: a through train. \ مِن عَجيب التَّقادِير \ ironic(al): (of events) like a cruel joke: It was ironical that she should break her leg just when she had at last got a job as a dancer. \ مِن عَلى ظهر السفينة \ overboard: over the side of a boat, and into the water: They jumped overboard when the ship was on fire. \ مِن غَيْر \ without: not with; not having: Without doubt, this is the best. I did it without his help. He took my bicycle without asking me. \ مِن غَيْر حَرَج \ freely: readily: They freely accepted my advice. \ مِنَ الفراء \ fur: animal skin, with the fur on it, used as clothing: a coat with a collar of fur; a fur hat. \ مِنَ الفِراش \ up: out of bed: I get up at 6.30 every morning. We stayed up very late last night. \ مِن فَضْلِك \ kindly: please!: kindly close the door!. please: (when asking) giving a polite order: Please stop that noise. A cup of coffee, please, asking for a favour or for permission Will you help me, please? Please, may I use your pen?. \ مِن فَوْق \ over: across, from one side of sth. to the other: He jumped over the fence. The gate was locked, so he climbed over. \ مِن فَوق سَطْح المَرْكَب \ overboard: over the side of a boat, and into the water: They jumped overboard when the ship was on fire. \ مِن قَبْل \ ago: before the present time: 100 years ago; a short while ago. already: before this time: She’s already married. before: at an earlier time (than): I have been here before. beforehand: before; early; in readiness: If you want your dinner early, warn the cook beforehand. \ مِن قِبَل \ by: (showing who or what did sth.): He was bitten by a dog. \ مِن قَلْبٍ مُخْلص \ heartily: thoroughly: I heartily agree with you. \ مِنَ المُؤسِف \ pity: (with a) an unfortunate fact or happening: It’s a pity that you can’t go with us to the cinema. \ مِنَ المُحَتَّم \ bound, (bind, bound) to: certain to: He’s bound to win. \ See Also المُؤَكَّد أَنّ \ مِنَ المُحْتَمَل \ likely: (usu. with very, most, more or quite) probably: She’s very likely right. well: (with may) very possibly; with good reason: He may well be late if the road is being repaired. \ مِن مُدّةٍ قريبة \ the other day: a few days ago: I met your son the other day. \ مِن المَرْتَبَة أو الدَّرَجة الثّانِية \ second-class: of the next level below that of top quality: The less comfortable second-class seats were much cheaper than the first-class ones. \ مِن المَفْروض أنّ \ be supposed to: to have a duty to; be expected to: You’re supposed to be working now, not playing. You’re not supposed to be here (You ought not be here). \ مِن مَكانٍ لآخَر \ about: from place to place in: We wandered about the town. \ مِن المُمْكِن \ could, (could not, couldn’t): (with an if clause, showing a possibility that depends on sth. else) would be able to: She could buy it if you lent her the money. possibly: perhaps: Possibly you can help. well: (with may) very possibly; with good reason: He may well be late if the road is being repaired.. \ مِنَ المُمْكِن أن \ could, (could not, couldn’t): (showing a simple possibility): You could telephone her (if you wanted to). might: expressing a weak possibility (future, present or past): She might do that tomorrow; she might be doing it at this moment; she might even have done it already (but I doubt that she has done it or ever will do it). \ مِنْ ناحية... مِنَ الناحية الأخرى \ on the one hand, on the other hand: comparing opposite facts or ideas; the first phrase is often left out: (On the one hand) you can live more cheaply in the country; on the other hand, work is harder to find there. \ مِن النّاحية النظريّة \ in theory: as an idea; according to ideas: Your plan may work in theory, but it will not work in practice. \ مِنَ النُّبَلاء \ earl: the title of a British nobleman. \ مِنَ النُّبَلاء \ noble: of high rank: a woman of noble birth. \ See Also الأشراف \ مِنْ نِتاج الوَطَن \ home-grown: (of food) grown in one’s own country, not in another country: home-grown vegetables. \ مِنْ نُسْخَتَين \ in duplicate: on two separate copies: Please complete this list in duplicate. \ مِنْ نَسْل \ descendant: sb. who is descended from a person: a descendant of Queen Victoria. \ See Also ذرية (ذُرِّيَّة) \ مِنْ نَفْس البَلَد \ countryman, countrymen: (usu. fellow countryman) a person of the same nation as another. \ مِنْ نوع راق \ classical: of proved and lasting value: classical music. \ مَنْ هُم أَعْلَى مقَامًا \ betters, one’s betters: those who have more experience or higher rank than onself: Treat your betters with more respect. \ See Also أَرْفَع شَأنًا مِن \ مِن هُنَا \ away: (with verbs of movement) to a distance: Go away! We drove the dog away. by: past: Please let me (get) by. He smiled as he went by. \ مَن هو أَعْلَى دَرَجَةً \ superior: sb. of higher rank: You must obey your superiors. \ مِن واجبه أن \ up to: the duty of: It’s up to his father to punish him. \ مِن وَاحِد إلى آخَر \ over: across, from one person to another: She handed over the keys to a friend. \ مِن الواضح \ much: (in comparison; before most, etc.) without doubt; clearly: He is much the most experienced player in the team. \ مِن وَراءِ ظَهْرِه \ behind sb.’s back: when someone is not present: He tells untrue stories about me behind my back. \ مِن وَقْت لاِخَر \ now and again: sometimes. off and on, on and off: not continuously; at one time and another: It has been raining off and on the whole day. sometimes: at certain times but not always: Sometimes I win and sometimes I don’t. England sometimes has a hot summer, but not often. -
15 siden
as, seeing that, since* * *I. adv since ( fx he disappeared and has not been seen since; better than ever before or since);( derefter) afterwards, later (on);( om lidt) presently, by and by;[ lige siden] ever since;[ det er længe siden] that was a long time ago,( sagt når man mødes igen) what a long time it has been,T long time no see;[ det er 2 år siden] that was 2 years ago;[ for længe siden] a long time ago,F long ago;[ for ikke længere siden end i går] only yesterday;[ for en måned siden] a month ago,( set i forhold til datiden) a month before ( fx I had already done it a month before);[ i dag for en uge siden] a week ago today.II. præp & conj since;( i betragtning af at, også) seeing that;[ siden han ønsker at rejse] since (el. seeing that) he wants to leave;[ det er mange år siden jeg har set ham] it is years since I saw him;[ det er 20 år siden han døde] he died 20 years ago, it is 20 years since he died;(NB it is 20 years ago today since he died; it was 20 years agoyesterday that he died);[ siden sidst] since the last time,( ofte =) since we met last. -
16 tijd
1 [als ononderbroken eenheid; tijdsduur] time2 [tijdstip; juiste/geschikte moment] time5 [taalkunde] tense♦voorbeelden:in de helft van de tijd • in half the timein een jaar tijd • (with)in a yearna bepaalde tijd • after some/a time, eventuallygeruime tijd • a considerable time, a good whilede hele tijd • all the time, the whole timeeen hele tijd geleden • quite a while agohet is hoog tijd om te vertrekken • it's high time we leften dat is hoog tijd ook! • and about time too!het is de hoogste tijd! • 〈 in kroeg〉 time, (gentlemen,) please!een tijd lang • for a while/timeik heb haar lange tijd niet gezien • I haven't seen her for/in ages/quite a whileeen lange/korte tijd duren • last a long/short timevoor onbepaalde tijd • indefinitely, for an indefinite periodsedert onheuglijke tijden • since time immemorial〈 sport〉 een scherpe tijd neerzetten • record/run a fast timevrije tijd • spare/free time, time off, leisure (time)waar blijft de tijd? • where's the time gone (to)?het zal mijn tijd wel duren • I won't be around to see ithet duurde een tijdje voor ze eraan gewend was • it was/took a while before/until she got used to itik ben niet aan tijd gebonden • I'm not pressed for timeik geef je vijf seconden de tijd • I'm giving you five secondsje moet jezelf de tijd geven • take your timeiemand de tijd geven/gunnen • give someone timezich de tijd niet gunnen (om) • not take the time (to)heb je even tijd? • have you got a moment/a sec?die tijd heb ik gehad • I'm past that now, I've been through thatgeen/genoeg tijd hebben om … • have no/enough time to …tijd genoeg hebben • have plenty of/enough timede tijd hebben • have timewe hebben hem een tijd niet gezien • we haven't seen him for a/some while/some timewe hebben de tijd aan onszelf • our time is our ownweinig tijd hebben • not have got much time, be pressed for timeje hebt nog 14 dagen de tijd • you've got 14 days lefttijd kosten • take timeals je geen tijd hebt, maak je maar tijd • if you haven't got time, make timede tijd nemen voor iets • take one's time about/over somethingtijd opnemen • record the timeer is geen tijd te verliezen • there's no time to lose/to be lostde tijd verstrijkt • time passesdat was me nog eens een tijd! • what a time that was!, those were the days!mijn tijd zit erop • ±I've done my stintin de baas zijn tijd • during/on the boss's timeuw tijd is om • your time is upbinnen afzienbare tijd • within the foreseeable futurebinnen niet al te lange tijd • (with)in the not too distant future, before (too) longbinnen de kortst mogelijke tijd • in (next to) no timehet heeft in tijden niet zo geregend • it hasn't rained like this for agesmet de tijd breidde de hongersnood zich uit • as time went on the famine spreaddit zal met de tijd wel beter gaan • it'll probably get better in timemet zijn tijd geen raad weten • have time on one's handsna korte tijd lukte het ons om … • we soon managed to …sinds enige tijd • for some time (past)een tijd van 11 seconden • a time of 11 secondshet is maar voor korte tijd • it's only for a short whilevoor de tijd van • for a period ofvorig jaar om dezelfde tijd • (at) the same time last yearde plaatselijke tijd • local timede tijd is rijp om … • the time is ripe to …heeft u de tijd ? • have you got the time?'t is allang tijd geweest • it's long past/ 〈 informeel〉way past/way over timeals de tijd daar is • when the time/day comesde tijd verdrijven/korten/doden • kill timeeindelijk! het werd tijd • at last! it was about time (too)!het wordt tijd dat … • it is (high) time that …〈 pregnant〉 het wordt mijn tijd • I must be off, it's time for me to gobij tijd en wijle • now and again/thenmorgen/gisteren om deze tijd • (about/ Aaround) this time tomorrow/yesterdaytijd om te eten/te slapen • time to eat/to go to bedop vaste tijden • at set/fixed timesnet op tijd • just in timeop tijd • in time 〈om iets te doen/voorkomen〉; on time 〈 volgens een bepaald tijdschema, afspraak e.d.〉de bussen lopen precies op tijd • the buses run to/on time/scheduleruim op tijd • with plenty of time to spareop tijd naar bed gaan • not go to bed latezij is over tijd • she's late with her period, her period's late/overduerond die tijd • around then/that timesinds korte tijd • recently, latelyte allen tijde • at all timeste zijner tijd • in due course, when appropriatetegen die tijd • by that time, by thenten tijde van hun huwelijk • at the time of their marriageten tijde van Hendrik VIII • in the days/time/age of Henry VIIIvan tijd tot tijd • from time to timevan die tijd af • from that time (on/onward(s), (ever), since (that time)een tijd van komen en een tijd van gaan • ±nothing lasts foreverwarm voor de tijd van het jaar • warm for the/this time of yearsterven voor zijn tijd • die before one's time/prematurelyje moet de eerste tijd nog rustig aandoen • to begin with/at first you must take it easyin minder dan geen tijd • in (less than) no timeeen tijdje • a whileveel tijd in beslag nemen • take up a lot of timetijd te kort komen • run out/run short of time3 betere tijden gekend hebben • have known better times/seen better dayseen dure tijd • a time/period when the cost of living is highgoede/slechte tijden • good/bad timesde laatste tijd • lately, recentlyhij heeft een moeilijke tijd gehad • he's been through/had a hard timede goede oude tijd • the good old daysdat is allemaal verleden tijd • that's all in the past/water under the bridgezijn (beste) tijd gehad hebben • be past one's best/prime, have seen better daysdie tijd is geweest/‘voorbij’ • those days are gone/past/overer is een tijd geweest dat … • there was a time when …niet met zijn tijd meegaan • be behind the timesde tijden zijn veranderd • times have changedbij tijden • at times/intervals(goed) bij de tijd zijn • be right up to date, be on the ballin tijden van oorlog • in times of warin deze/onze tijd • in these times, nowadaysin deze tijd van het jaar • at this time of (the) yearin vroeger tijd • in earlier times/the pastmet zijn tijd meegaan • keep up with/move with the timesuit de tijd raken • go/get/become out of date; become outdateddie muziek is uit de tijd • that music is out of date/old-fashioneddat was voor mijn tijd • that was before my time/daydat was voor die tijd heel ongebruikelijk • in/for those days it was most unusualvóór die tijd was het een klooster • it used to be/previously it was a monasteryvóór de tijd van de auto • before the era of the car5 de tegenwoordige/verleden tijd • the present/past tense〈 figuurlijk〉 dat is voltooid verleden tijd • that's over and done with, that's ancient history -
17 sein
n; -s, kein Pl. being; (Dasein) auch existence; Sein und Schein appearance and reality; mit allen Fasern seines Seins with every fib|re (Am. -er) of his being; Sein oder Nichtsein... to be or not to be...; es geht um Sein oder Nichtsein it is a question of survival ( oder a matter of life and death); das Sein bestimmt das Bewusstsein life determines consciousness* * *das Seinexistence; being* * *[zain]nt -s, no plbeing no art; (PHILOS) (= Existenz, Dasein auch) existence no art; (= Wesen, Sosein) essence, suchnessSéín und Schein — appearance and reality
Séín oder Nichtsein — to be or not to be
* * *das1) (existence: When did the Roman Empire come into being?) being2) (used with a present participle to form the progressive or continuous tenses: I'm reading; I am being followed; What were you saying?.) be3) (used in giving or asking for information about something or someone: I am Mr Smith; Is he alive?; She wants to be an actress; The money will be ours; They are being silly.) be4) (belonging to a male person already spoken about: John says it's his book; He says the book is his; No, his is on the table.) his5) (belonging to it: The bird has hurt its wing.) its6) (used instead of his, his or her etc where a person of unknown sex or people of both sexes are referred to: Everyone should buy his own ticket.) their* * *<-s>[zain]nt kein pl PHILOS existence\Sein und Schein appearance and reality* * ** * *sein1; ist, war, ist gewesenA. v/i1. allg be;sind Sie es? is that you?;am Apparat? who’s speaking ( oder calling)?;ist da jemand? is anybody there?;ach, Sie sind es! oh, it’s you;ich bin’s it’s me;hallo, ich bin der Holger hullo, I’m Holger;wer ist das (überhaupt)? who’s that?2. von Beruf, Nationalität, Herkunft, Religion etc: be;was ist dein Vater eigentlich (von Beruf)? what does your father actually do (for a living)?;ich bin Lektor von Beruf I’m an editor (by trade);von Beruf bin ich eigentlich Lehrer, aber ich arbeite als Autor I’m really a teacher (by profession), but I work as a writer;er ist Christ/Moslem/Buddhist he’s a Christian/Muslim/Buddhist;Engländerin? are you English?;er ist aus Mexiko he’s ( oder he comes) from Mexico;er ist wer umg he’s really somebody3. (existieren) be (alive);unser Vater ist nicht mehr form our father is no longer alive;ich denke, also bin ich I think therefore I am;wenn du nicht gewesen wärst if it hadn’t been for you4. vor adj etc, in best. Zustand, bei best. Tätigkeit: be;wir sind seit 1987/16 Jahren verheiratet we have been married since 1987/for 16 years;er ist schon lange tot he has been dead for a long time;sei(d) nicht so laut! don’t be so noisy, stop making such a noise;sei nicht so frech! don’t be so cheeky;sei so gut und … do me a favo(u)r and …, would you be so good as to …?;sei er auch noch so reich no matter how rich he is, however rich he may be;wie teuer es auch (immer) sein mag however expensive it may be;er ist beim Lesen he’s reading;sie ist am Putzen umg she’s doing the cleaning;die Garage ist im Bau the garage is being built;sie ist schon ein paar Mal im Fernsehen gewesen auch she’s made a few appearances on TV ( oder a few TV appearances);sie ist jetzt 15 Jahre she’s 15 now;es ist ein Jahr (her), seit it’s a year since, it was a year ago that;ich bin ja nicht so umg I’m not like that;sei doch nicht so! umg don’t be like that;du bist wohl! umg you must be crazy!;sei es, wie es sei be that as it may;wenn dem so ist umg if that’s the case, in that case5. (sich befinden, aufhalten) be;es ist niemand zu Hause there’s nobody at home;sie ist in Urlaub/zur Kur she’s on holiday/taking a cure;warst du mal in London? have you ever been to London?6. qualitativ:wie ist das Wetter bei euch? how’s the weather ( oder what’s the weather like) with you?;wie ist der Wein? how’s the wine?, what’s the wine like?;wie ist er so als Chef? what’s he like as a boss?;der Film/die Party war nichts umg the film (US auch movie)/party was a dead loss (US a washout)7. geeignet, bestimmt:Alkohol ist nichts für Kinder alcohol isn’t for children, children shouldn’t touch alcohol;das ist nichts für mich that’s not my cup of tea; (bin an Kauf etc nicht interessiert) that’s not for me;dies ist gegen die Schmerzen this is for the pain8. (scheinen):mir ist, als kenne ich ihn schon I have a feeling I know him;es ist, als ob … it’s as though …9. mit dat (sich fühlen):mir ist kalt I’m cold, I feel cold;mir ist schlecht I feel ill (besonders US sick);mir ist nicht nach Arbeiten umg I don’t feel like working, I’m not in the mood for work10. verantwortlich, schuldig etc:wer war das? (wer hat das getan?) who did that?;ich war es (habe es getan) it was me;keiner will es gewesen sein nobody will admit they did it, nobody’s owning up;du bist es! beim Fangenspielen: you’re it11. mit zu (+inf):die Waren sind zu senden an … the goods are to be sent to …;das Spiel ist nicht mehr zu gewinnen the game can no longer be won, we can no longer win (the game);er ist nicht mehr zu retten he’s past saving; umg, fig he’s a lost cause, he’s beyond help;es ist nun an dir zu (+inf) it’s up to you to … now;es ist nicht an uns zu urteilen form it’s not for us to judge12. MATH etc:5 und 2 ist 7 five and two are ( oder is, make[s]) seven;3 mal 7 ist 21 three times seven is ( oder are, make[s]) twenty-one;x sei … let x be …13. meist unbestimmt, oft in umg Wendungen:so ist das nun mal umg that’s the way it is;nun, wie ist’s? umg well, what about it (then)?;wie ist es mit dir? umg what about you?;mit dem Urlaub war nichts umg the holiday didn’t work out, the holiday fell through;Nachtisch/Fernsehen ist heute nicht, Kinder umg there’s no sweet (US dessert)/television for you today, children;was nicht ist, kann ja noch werden umg there’s plenty of time yet;das war’s umg that’s it, that’s the lot;war das alles? is that all ( oder the lot)?;das wär’s für heute! umg that’s all for today14. mit Verben:ich an deiner Stelle würde das sein lassen if I were you I wouldn’t have anything to do with it;am besten lassen wir es ganz sein we’d better forget all about it;muss das sein? do you have to?;was sein muss, muss sein whatever will be, will be;was soll das sein? what’s that supposed to be?;das kann sein, kann odermag sein umg it’s possible, it could be;das kann nicht sein that’s impossible, it can’t be15. im Konjunktives sei denn(, dass) unless;sei es, dass … oder dass … whether … or …;wie wär’s mit einer Partie Schach? how ( oder what) about a game of chess?;na, wie wär’s mit uns beiden? umg how about the two of us getting together?;und das wäre? umg and what might that be?B. v/aux have;ich bin ihm schon begegnet I’ve met him before;die Sonne ist untergegangen the sun has set ( oder gone down);er ist nach Berlin gegangen he has gone to Berlin;ich bin bei meinem Anwalt gewesen I’ve been to see my lawyer;als die Polizei kam, war er schon verschwunden when the police arrived he had disappeared;er ist in Paris gesehen worden he has been seen in Paris;ich bin in Böhmen/1972 geboren I was born in Bohemia/in 1972;die Arbeiten sind beendet the jobs are finished;der neue Kanzler ist gewählt the new Chancellor has been electedsein2A. poss pr1. adjektivisch: his; Mädchen: her; Sache: its; Tier: meist its; Haustier: his, weiblich: her; Schiff, Staat: oft her; unbestimmt: one’s;sein Glück machen make one’s fortune;all sein bisschen Geld what little money he has ( oder had);Seine Majestät His Majesty;es kostet (gut) seine tausend Dollar it costs a good thousand dollars2. substantivisch: his;seiner, seine, sein(e)s, der (die, das) sein(ig)e his; Mädchen: hers;jedem das Seine to each his own;er war seiner nicht mehr mächtig he had lost control of himself completely* * ** * *nur sing. (Dasein) n.existence n. nur sing. n.being n. -
18 sein1;
ist, war, ist gewesenI v/i1. allg. be; sind Sie es? is that you?; wer ist dort oder am Apparat? who’s speaking ( oder calling)?; ist da jemand? is anybody there?; ach, Sie sind es! oh, it’s you; ich bin’s it’s me; hallo, ich bin der Holger hullo, I’m Holger; wer ist das ( überhaupt)? who’s that?2. von Beruf, Nationalität, Herkunft, Religion etc.: be; was ist dein Vater eigentlich ( von Beruf)? what does your father actually do (for a living)?; ich bin Lektor von Beruf I’m an editor (by trade); von Beruf bin ich eigentlich Lehrer, aber ich arbeite als Autor I’m really a teacher (by profession), but I work as a writer; er ist Christ / Moslem / Buddhist he’s a Christian / Muslim / Buddhist; sind Sie Engländer oder Engländerin? are you English?; er ist aus Mexiko he’s ( oder he comes) from Mexico; er ist wer umg. he’s really somebody3. (existieren) be (alive); unser Vater ist nicht mehr förm. our father is no longer alive; ich denke, also bin ich I think therefore I am; wenn du nicht gewesen wärst if it hadn’t been for you4. vor Adj. etc., in best. Zustand, bei best. Tätigkeit: be; wir sind seit 1987 / 16 Jahren verheiratet we have been married since 1987 / for 16 years; er ist schon lange tot he has been dead for a long time; sei(d) nicht so laut! don’t be so noisy, stop making such a noise; sei nicht so frech! don’t be so cheeky; sei so gut und... do me a favo(u)r and..., would you be so good as to...?; sei er auch noch so reich no matter how rich he is, however rich he may be; wie teuer es auch ( immer) sein mag however expensive it may be; er ist beim Lesen he’s reading; sie ist am Putzen umg. she’s doing the cleaning; die Garage ist im Bau the garage is being built; sie ist schon ein paar Mal im Fernsehen gewesen auch she’s made a few appearances on TV ( oder a few TV appearances); sie ist jetzt 15 Jahre she’s 15 now; es ist ein Jahr ( her), seit it’s a year since, it was a year ago that; ich bin ja nicht so umg. I’m not like that; sei doch nicht so! umg. don’t be like that; du bist wohl! umg. you must be crazy!; sei es, wie es sei be that as it may; wenn dem so ist umg. if that’s the case, in that case5. (sich befinden, aufhalten) be; es ist niemand zu Hause there’s nobody at home; sie ist in Urlaub / zur Kur she’s on holiday / taking a cure; warst du mal in London? have you ever been to London?6. qualitativ: wie ist das Wetter bei euch? how’s the weather ( oder what’s the weather like) with you?; wie ist der Wein? how’s the wine?, what’s the wine like?; wie ist er so als Chef? what’s he like as a boss?; der Film / die Party war nichts umg. the film (Am. auch movie)/ party was a dead loss (Am. a washout)7. geeignet, bestimmt: Alkohol ist nichts für Kinder alcohol isn’t for children, children shouldn’t touch alcohol; das ist nichts für mich that’s not my cup of tea; (bin an Kauf etc. nicht interessiert) that’s not for me; dies ist gegen die Schmerzen this is for the pain8. (scheinen): mir ist, als kenne ich ihn schon I have a feeling I know him; es ist, als ob... it’s as though...9. mit Dat (sich fühlen): mir ist kalt I’m cold, I feel cold; mir ist schlecht I feel ill (bes. Am. sick); mir ist nicht nach Arbeiten umg. I don’t feel like working, I’m not in the mood for work10. verantwortlich, schuldig etc.: wer war das? (wer hat das getan?) who did that?; ich war es (habe es getan) it was me; keiner will es gewesen sein nobody will admit they did it, nobody’s owning up; du bist es! beim Fangenspielen: you’re it11. mit zu (+ Inf.): die Waren sind zu senden an... the goods are to be sent to...; das Spiel ist nicht mehr zu gewinnen the game can no longer be won, we can no longer win (the game); da ist nichts ( mehr) zu machen umg. there’s nothing to be done ( oder one can do); er ist nicht mehr zu retten he’s past saving; umg., fig. he’s a lost cause, he’s beyond help; es ist nun an dir zu (+ Inf.) it’s up to you to... now; es ist nicht an uns zu urteilen förm. it’s not for us to judge12. MATH. etc.: 5 und 2 ist 7 five and two are ( oder is, make[s]) seven; 3 mal 7 ist 21 three times seven is ( oder are, make[s]) twenty-one; x sei... let x be...13. meist unbest., oft in umg. Wendungen: ist was? umg. is anything ( oder something) wrong?; auch provozierend: what’s the problem?; was ist mit dir? umg. what’s the matter ( oder what’s wrong) with you?; so ist das nun mal umg. that’s the way it is; nun, wie ist’s? umg. well, what about it (then)?; wie ist es mit dir? umg. what about you?; mit dem Urlaub war nichts umg. the holiday didn’t work out, the holiday fell through; Nachtisch / Fernsehen ist heute nicht, Kinder umg. there’s no sweet (Am. dessert)/ television for you today, children; was nicht ist, kann ja noch werden umg. there’s plenty of time yet; das war’s umg. that’s it, that’s the lot; war das alles? is that all ( oder the lot)?; das wär’s für heute! umg. that’s all for today14. mit Verben: etw. sein lassen (nicht tun) not do s.th.; (aufhören) stop doing s.th.; lass es sein stop it; (rühr es nicht an) leave it alone; (kümmere dich nicht drum) don’t bother; ich an deiner Stelle würde das sein lassen if I were you I wouldn’t have anything to do with it; am besten lassen wir es ganz sein we’d better forget all about it; muss das sein? do you have to?; was sein muss, muss sein whatever will be, will be; was soll das sein? what’s that supposed to be?; das kann sein, kann oder mag sein umg. it’s possible, it could be; das kann nicht sein that’s impossible, it can’t be15. im Konjunktiv es sei denn(, dass) unless; sei es, dass... oder dass... whether... or...; wie wär’s mit einer Partie Schach? how ( oder what) about a game of chess?; na, wie wär’s mit uns beiden? umg. how about the two of us getting together?; und das wäre? umg. and what might that be?II Hilfsv. have; ich bin ihm schon begegnet I’ve met him before; die Sonne ist untergegangen the sun has set ( oder gone down); er ist nach Berlin gegangen he has gone to Berlin; ich bin bei meinem Anwalt gewesen I’ve been to see my lawyer; als die Polizei kam, war er schon verschwunden when the police arrived he had disappeared; er ist in Paris gesehen worden he has been seen in Paris; ich bin in Böhmen / 1972 geboren I was born in Bohemia / in 1972; die Arbeiten sind beendet the jobs are finished; der neue Kanzler ist gewählt the new Chancellor has been elected—I Poss. Pron.1. adjektivisch: his; Mädchen: her; Sache: its; Tier: meist its; Haustier: his, weiblich: her; Schiff, Staat: oft her; unbestimmt: one’s; sein Glück machen make one’s fortune; all sein bisschen Geld what little money he has ( oder had); Seine Majestät His Majesty; es kostet ( gut) seine tausend Dollar it costs a good thousand dollars2. substantivisch: his; seiner, seine, sein(e)s, der (die, das) sein(ig)e his; Mädchen: hers; jedem das Seine to each his own; das Sein(ig) e tun do one’s share (bit umg.); (sein Möglichstes tun) do one’s bestII pers. Pron. ( Gen von er und es) of him; Mädchen: of her; er war seiner nicht mehr mächtig he had lost control of himself completely -
19 al
al1〈 bijwoord〉2 [versterking] all♦voorbeelden:al enige tijd, al vanaf juli • for some time past/now, (ever) since Julyik ben al een uur aan het roepen • I've been calling for the last hourdat is al oud • that's (already) olddat dacht ik al • I thought sois zij er nu al? • 〈 met klemtoon op nu〉 is she here already?is het nu al vier uur? • is it four (o'clock) already?is Jan er al? • is John here yet?ik heb het altijd al geweten • I've known it all alonghoe lang is hij al hier? • how long has he been here?dat wist zij toen al • she knew it even thenal in '82, al voor '82 • as early as '82, even before '82daar heb je het al • there you arezijn komst is al genoeg • just his coming is good enoughal te snel/spoedig/voorzichtig 〈enz.〉 • (far/all) too fast/soon/careful 〈enz.〉ze weten het maar al te goed • they know only too wellhij had het toch al moeilijk • he had enough problems as it wasik zie het hem al doen • I can (just) see him (doing it) now!je kunt ze al krijgen voor een tientje • you can buy them for as little as ten guildershij sprak al lachend • he laughed as he spokezij kwamen al nader en nader • they kept coming closer and closer (all the time)je kunt er al of niet gebruik van maken • you can take it or leave ithet al of niet slagen van … • the success or otherwise of …al naar gelang • depending onze zei heel weinig, als ze al wat zei • she said very little, if anythingdat lijkt er al meer op, dat is al beter • that's more like it————————al22 [met betrekking tot elk deel van een verzameling] all (of)♦voorbeelden:hij was één en al oor • he was all earshet was één en al ellende op tv gisteren • there was nothing but misery on TV yesterdayal met al • all in all————————al3♦voorbeelden:al de kinderen • all (of) the children————————al4〈 voegwoord〉1 though, although ⇒ even though/if♦voorbeelden:1 al ben ik arm, ik ben gelukkig • I may be poor, but I'm happyal zeg ik het zelf • even though I say so myselfhet is duidelijk, al is het moeilijk • it is clear, if difficultal was het alleen maar omdat • if only becauseook al is het erg • bad as it is/may beik deed het niet, al kreeg ik een miljoen • I wouldn't do it for a million pounds -
20 sinds
sinds1〈 voorzetsel〉♦voorbeelden:ik heb hem sinds maandag niet meer gezien • I haven't seen him since Mondaysinds enige tijd • for some time (now)————————sinds2〈 voegwoord〉♦voorbeelden:1 sinds ik Jan ken • since I met/have known Jan
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